yaml.go (13885B)
1 // Package yaml implements YAML support for the Go language. 2 // 3 // Source code and other details for the project are available at GitHub: 4 // 5 // https://github.com/go-yaml/yaml 6 // 7 package yaml 8 9 import ( 10 "errors" 11 "fmt" 12 "io" 13 "reflect" 14 "strings" 15 "sync" 16 ) 17 18 // MapSlice encodes and decodes as a YAML map. 19 // The order of keys is preserved when encoding and decoding. 20 type MapSlice []MapItem 21 22 // MapItem is an item in a MapSlice. 23 type MapItem struct { 24 Key, Value interface{} 25 } 26 27 // The Unmarshaler interface may be implemented by types to customize their 28 // behavior when being unmarshaled from a YAML document. The UnmarshalYAML 29 // method receives a function that may be called to unmarshal the original 30 // YAML value into a field or variable. It is safe to call the unmarshal 31 // function parameter more than once if necessary. 32 type Unmarshaler interface { 33 UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error 34 } 35 36 // The Marshaler interface may be implemented by types to customize their 37 // behavior when being marshaled into a YAML document. The returned value 38 // is marshaled in place of the original value implementing Marshaler. 39 // 40 // If an error is returned by MarshalYAML, the marshaling procedure stops 41 // and returns with the provided error. 42 type Marshaler interface { 43 MarshalYAML() (interface{}, error) 44 } 45 46 // Unmarshal decodes the first document found within the in byte slice 47 // and assigns decoded values into the out value. 48 // 49 // Maps and pointers (to a struct, string, int, etc) are accepted as out 50 // values. If an internal pointer within a struct is not initialized, 51 // the yaml package will initialize it if necessary for unmarshalling 52 // the provided data. The out parameter must not be nil. 53 // 54 // The type of the decoded values should be compatible with the respective 55 // values in out. If one or more values cannot be decoded due to a type 56 // mismatches, decoding continues partially until the end of the YAML 57 // content, and a *yaml.TypeError is returned with details for all 58 // missed values. 59 // 60 // Struct fields are only unmarshalled if they are exported (have an 61 // upper case first letter), and are unmarshalled using the field name 62 // lowercased as the default key. Custom keys may be defined via the 63 // "yaml" name in the field tag: the content preceding the first comma 64 // is used as the key, and the following comma-separated options are 65 // used to tweak the marshalling process (see Marshal). 66 // Conflicting names result in a runtime error. 67 // 68 // For example: 69 // 70 // type T struct { 71 // F int `yaml:"a,omitempty"` 72 // B int 73 // } 74 // var t T 75 // yaml.Unmarshal([]byte("a: 1\nb: 2"), &t) 76 // 77 // See the documentation of Marshal for the format of tags and a list of 78 // supported tag options. 79 // 80 func Unmarshal(in []byte, out interface{}) (err error) { 81 return unmarshal(in, out, false) 82 } 83 84 // UnmarshalStrict is like Unmarshal except that any fields that are found 85 // in the data that do not have corresponding struct members, or mapping 86 // keys that are duplicates, will result in 87 // an error. 88 func UnmarshalStrict(in []byte, out interface{}) (err error) { 89 return unmarshal(in, out, true) 90 } 91 92 // A Decoder reads and decodes YAML values from an input stream. 93 type Decoder struct { 94 strict bool 95 parser *parser 96 } 97 98 // NewDecoder returns a new decoder that reads from r. 99 // 100 // The decoder introduces its own buffering and may read 101 // data from r beyond the YAML values requested. 102 func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder { 103 return &Decoder{ 104 parser: newParserFromReader(r), 105 } 106 } 107 108 // SetStrict sets whether strict decoding behaviour is enabled when 109 // decoding items in the data (see UnmarshalStrict). By default, decoding is not strict. 110 func (dec *Decoder) SetStrict(strict bool) { 111 dec.strict = strict 112 } 113 114 // Decode reads the next YAML-encoded value from its input 115 // and stores it in the value pointed to by v. 116 // 117 // See the documentation for Unmarshal for details about the 118 // conversion of YAML into a Go value. 119 func (dec *Decoder) Decode(v interface{}) (err error) { 120 d := newDecoder(dec.strict) 121 defer handleErr(&err) 122 node := dec.parser.parse() 123 if node == nil { 124 return io.EOF 125 } 126 out := reflect.ValueOf(v) 127 if out.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && !out.IsNil() { 128 out = out.Elem() 129 } 130 d.unmarshal(node, out) 131 if len(d.terrors) > 0 { 132 return &TypeError{d.terrors} 133 } 134 return nil 135 } 136 137 func unmarshal(in []byte, out interface{}, strict bool) (err error) { 138 defer handleErr(&err) 139 d := newDecoder(strict) 140 p := newParser(in) 141 defer p.destroy() 142 node := p.parse() 143 if node != nil { 144 v := reflect.ValueOf(out) 145 if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && !v.IsNil() { 146 v = v.Elem() 147 } 148 d.unmarshal(node, v) 149 } 150 if len(d.terrors) > 0 { 151 return &TypeError{d.terrors} 152 } 153 return nil 154 } 155 156 // Marshal serializes the value provided into a YAML document. The structure 157 // of the generated document will reflect the structure of the value itself. 158 // Maps and pointers (to struct, string, int, etc) are accepted as the in value. 159 // 160 // Struct fields are only marshalled if they are exported (have an upper case 161 // first letter), and are marshalled using the field name lowercased as the 162 // default key. Custom keys may be defined via the "yaml" name in the field 163 // tag: the content preceding the first comma is used as the key, and the 164 // following comma-separated options are used to tweak the marshalling process. 165 // Conflicting names result in a runtime error. 166 // 167 // The field tag format accepted is: 168 // 169 // `(...) yaml:"[<key>][,<flag1>[,<flag2>]]" (...)` 170 // 171 // The following flags are currently supported: 172 // 173 // omitempty Only include the field if it's not set to the zero 174 // value for the type or to empty slices or maps. 175 // Zero valued structs will be omitted if all their public 176 // fields are zero, unless they implement an IsZero 177 // method (see the IsZeroer interface type), in which 178 // case the field will be excluded if IsZero returns true. 179 // 180 // flow Marshal using a flow style (useful for structs, 181 // sequences and maps). 182 // 183 // inline Inline the field, which must be a struct or a map, 184 // causing all of its fields or keys to be processed as if 185 // they were part of the outer struct. For maps, keys must 186 // not conflict with the yaml keys of other struct fields. 187 // 188 // In addition, if the key is "-", the field is ignored. 189 // 190 // For example: 191 // 192 // type T struct { 193 // F int `yaml:"a,omitempty"` 194 // B int 195 // } 196 // yaml.Marshal(&T{B: 2}) // Returns "b: 2\n" 197 // yaml.Marshal(&T{F: 1}} // Returns "a: 1\nb: 0\n" 198 // 199 func Marshal(in interface{}) (out []byte, err error) { 200 defer handleErr(&err) 201 e := newEncoder() 202 defer e.destroy() 203 e.marshalDoc("", reflect.ValueOf(in)) 204 e.finish() 205 out = e.out 206 return 207 } 208 209 // An Encoder writes YAML values to an output stream. 210 type Encoder struct { 211 encoder *encoder 212 } 213 214 // NewEncoder returns a new encoder that writes to w. 215 // The Encoder should be closed after use to flush all data 216 // to w. 217 func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder { 218 return &Encoder{ 219 encoder: newEncoderWithWriter(w), 220 } 221 } 222 223 // Encode writes the YAML encoding of v to the stream. 224 // If multiple items are encoded to the stream, the 225 // second and subsequent document will be preceded 226 // with a "---" document separator, but the first will not. 227 // 228 // See the documentation for Marshal for details about the conversion of Go 229 // values to YAML. 230 func (e *Encoder) Encode(v interface{}) (err error) { 231 defer handleErr(&err) 232 e.encoder.marshalDoc("", reflect.ValueOf(v)) 233 return nil 234 } 235 236 // Close closes the encoder by writing any remaining data. 237 // It does not write a stream terminating string "...". 238 func (e *Encoder) Close() (err error) { 239 defer handleErr(&err) 240 e.encoder.finish() 241 return nil 242 } 243 244 func handleErr(err *error) { 245 if v := recover(); v != nil { 246 if e, ok := v.(yamlError); ok { 247 *err = e.err 248 } else { 249 panic(v) 250 } 251 } 252 } 253 254 type yamlError struct { 255 err error 256 } 257 258 func fail(err error) { 259 panic(yamlError{err}) 260 } 261 262 func failf(format string, args ...interface{}) { 263 panic(yamlError{fmt.Errorf("yaml: "+format, args...)}) 264 } 265 266 // A TypeError is returned by Unmarshal when one or more fields in 267 // the YAML document cannot be properly decoded into the requested 268 // types. When this error is returned, the value is still 269 // unmarshaled partially. 270 type TypeError struct { 271 Errors []string 272 } 273 274 func (e *TypeError) Error() string { 275 return fmt.Sprintf("yaml: unmarshal errors:\n %s", strings.Join(e.Errors, "\n ")) 276 } 277 278 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 279 // Maintain a mapping of keys to structure field indexes 280 281 // The code in this section was copied from mgo/bson. 282 283 // structInfo holds details for the serialization of fields of 284 // a given struct. 285 type structInfo struct { 286 FieldsMap map[string]fieldInfo 287 FieldsList []fieldInfo 288 289 // InlineMap is the number of the field in the struct that 290 // contains an ,inline map, or -1 if there's none. 291 InlineMap int 292 } 293 294 type fieldInfo struct { 295 Key string 296 Num int 297 OmitEmpty bool 298 Flow bool 299 // Id holds the unique field identifier, so we can cheaply 300 // check for field duplicates without maintaining an extra map. 301 Id int 302 303 // Inline holds the field index if the field is part of an inlined struct. 304 Inline []int 305 } 306 307 var structMap = make(map[reflect.Type]*structInfo) 308 var fieldMapMutex sync.RWMutex 309 310 func getStructInfo(st reflect.Type) (*structInfo, error) { 311 fieldMapMutex.RLock() 312 sinfo, found := structMap[st] 313 fieldMapMutex.RUnlock() 314 if found { 315 return sinfo, nil 316 } 317 318 n := st.NumField() 319 fieldsMap := make(map[string]fieldInfo) 320 fieldsList := make([]fieldInfo, 0, n) 321 inlineMap := -1 322 for i := 0; i != n; i++ { 323 field := st.Field(i) 324 if field.PkgPath != "" && !field.Anonymous { 325 continue // Private field 326 } 327 328 info := fieldInfo{Num: i} 329 330 tag := field.Tag.Get("yaml") 331 if tag == "" && strings.Index(string(field.Tag), ":") < 0 { 332 tag = string(field.Tag) 333 } 334 if tag == "-" { 335 continue 336 } 337 338 inline := false 339 fields := strings.Split(tag, ",") 340 if len(fields) > 1 { 341 for _, flag := range fields[1:] { 342 switch flag { 343 case "omitempty": 344 info.OmitEmpty = true 345 case "flow": 346 info.Flow = true 347 case "inline": 348 inline = true 349 default: 350 return nil, errors.New(fmt.Sprintf("Unsupported flag %q in tag %q of type %s", flag, tag, st)) 351 } 352 } 353 tag = fields[0] 354 } 355 356 if inline { 357 switch field.Type.Kind() { 358 case reflect.Map: 359 if inlineMap >= 0 { 360 return nil, errors.New("Multiple ,inline maps in struct " + st.String()) 361 } 362 if field.Type.Key() != reflect.TypeOf("") { 363 return nil, errors.New("Option ,inline needs a map with string keys in struct " + st.String()) 364 } 365 inlineMap = info.Num 366 case reflect.Struct: 367 sinfo, err := getStructInfo(field.Type) 368 if err != nil { 369 return nil, err 370 } 371 for _, finfo := range sinfo.FieldsList { 372 if _, found := fieldsMap[finfo.Key]; found { 373 msg := "Duplicated key '" + finfo.Key + "' in struct " + st.String() 374 return nil, errors.New(msg) 375 } 376 if finfo.Inline == nil { 377 finfo.Inline = []int{i, finfo.Num} 378 } else { 379 finfo.Inline = append([]int{i}, finfo.Inline...) 380 } 381 finfo.Id = len(fieldsList) 382 fieldsMap[finfo.Key] = finfo 383 fieldsList = append(fieldsList, finfo) 384 } 385 default: 386 //return nil, errors.New("Option ,inline needs a struct value or map field") 387 return nil, errors.New("Option ,inline needs a struct value field") 388 } 389 continue 390 } 391 392 if tag != "" { 393 info.Key = tag 394 } else { 395 info.Key = strings.ToLower(field.Name) 396 } 397 398 if _, found = fieldsMap[info.Key]; found { 399 msg := "Duplicated key '" + info.Key + "' in struct " + st.String() 400 return nil, errors.New(msg) 401 } 402 403 info.Id = len(fieldsList) 404 fieldsList = append(fieldsList, info) 405 fieldsMap[info.Key] = info 406 } 407 408 sinfo = &structInfo{ 409 FieldsMap: fieldsMap, 410 FieldsList: fieldsList, 411 InlineMap: inlineMap, 412 } 413 414 fieldMapMutex.Lock() 415 structMap[st] = sinfo 416 fieldMapMutex.Unlock() 417 return sinfo, nil 418 } 419 420 // IsZeroer is used to check whether an object is zero to 421 // determine whether it should be omitted when marshaling 422 // with the omitempty flag. One notable implementation 423 // is time.Time. 424 type IsZeroer interface { 425 IsZero() bool 426 } 427 428 func isZero(v reflect.Value) bool { 429 kind := v.Kind() 430 if z, ok := v.Interface().(IsZeroer); ok { 431 if (kind == reflect.Ptr || kind == reflect.Interface) && v.IsNil() { 432 return true 433 } 434 return z.IsZero() 435 } 436 switch kind { 437 case reflect.String: 438 return len(v.String()) == 0 439 case reflect.Interface, reflect.Ptr: 440 return v.IsNil() 441 case reflect.Slice: 442 return v.Len() == 0 443 case reflect.Map: 444 return v.Len() == 0 445 case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64: 446 return v.Int() == 0 447 case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64: 448 return v.Float() == 0 449 case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uintptr: 450 return v.Uint() == 0 451 case reflect.Bool: 452 return !v.Bool() 453 case reflect.Struct: 454 vt := v.Type() 455 for i := v.NumField() - 1; i >= 0; i-- { 456 if vt.Field(i).PkgPath != "" { 457 continue // Private field 458 } 459 if !isZero(v.Field(i)) { 460 return false 461 } 462 } 463 return true 464 } 465 return false 466 } 467 468 // FutureLineWrap globally disables line wrapping when encoding long strings. 469 // This is a temporary and thus deprecated method introduced to faciliate 470 // migration towards v3, which offers more control of line lengths on 471 // individual encodings, and has a default matching the behavior introduced 472 // by this function. 473 // 474 // The default formatting of v2 was erroneously changed in v2.3.0 and reverted 475 // in v2.4.0, at which point this function was introduced to help migration. 476 func FutureLineWrap() { 477 disableLineWrapping = true 478 }