gtsocial-umbx

syscall_windows.go (80915B)

---

 // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
 // Windows system calls.
 
 package windows
 
 import (
 	errorspkg "errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 	"unicode/utf16"
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"golang.org/x/sys/internal/unsafeheader"
 )
 
 type Handle uintptr
 type HWND uintptr
 
 const (
 	InvalidHandle = ^Handle(0)
 	InvalidHWND   = ^HWND(0)
 
 	// Flags for DefineDosDevice.
 	DDD_EXACT_MATCH_ON_REMOVE = 0x00000004
 	DDD_NO_BROADCAST_SYSTEM   = 0x00000008
 	DDD_RAW_TARGET_PATH       = 0x00000001
 	DDD_REMOVE_DEFINITION     = 0x00000002
 
 	// Return values for GetDriveType.
 	DRIVE_UNKNOWN     = 0
 	DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR = 1
 	DRIVE_REMOVABLE   = 2
 	DRIVE_FIXED       = 3
 	DRIVE_REMOTE      = 4
 	DRIVE_CDROM       = 5
 	DRIVE_RAMDISK     = 6
 
 	// File system flags from GetVolumeInformation and GetVolumeInformationByHandle.
 	FILE_CASE_SENSITIVE_SEARCH        = 0x00000001
 	FILE_CASE_PRESERVED_NAMES         = 0x00000002
 	FILE_FILE_COMPRESSION             = 0x00000010
 	FILE_DAX_VOLUME                   = 0x20000000
 	FILE_NAMED_STREAMS                = 0x00040000
 	FILE_PERSISTENT_ACLS              = 0x00000008
 	FILE_READ_ONLY_VOLUME             = 0x00080000
 	FILE_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_ONCE        = 0x00100000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_ENCRYPTION          = 0x00020000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_EXTENDED_ATTRIBUTES = 0x00800000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_HARD_LINKS          = 0x00400000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_OBJECT_IDS          = 0x00010000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_OPEN_BY_FILE_ID     = 0x01000000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_REPARSE_POINTS      = 0x00000080
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_SPARSE_FILES        = 0x00000040
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_TRANSACTIONS        = 0x00200000
 	FILE_SUPPORTS_USN_JOURNAL         = 0x02000000
 	FILE_UNICODE_ON_DISK              = 0x00000004
 	FILE_VOLUME_IS_COMPRESSED         = 0x00008000
 	FILE_VOLUME_QUOTAS                = 0x00000020
 
 	// Flags for LockFileEx.
 	LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY = 0x00000001
 	LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK   = 0x00000002
 
 	// Return value of SleepEx and other APC functions
 	WAIT_IO_COMPLETION = 0x000000C0
 )
 
 // StringToUTF16 is deprecated. Use UTF16FromString instead.
 // If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
 // returning an error.
 func StringToUTF16(s string) []uint16 {
 	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic("windows: string with NUL passed to StringToUTF16")
 	}
 	return a
 }
 
 // UTF16FromString returns the UTF-16 encoding of the UTF-8 string
 // s, with a terminating NUL added. If s contains a NUL byte at any
 // location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
 func UTF16FromString(s string) ([]uint16, error) {
 	return syscall.UTF16FromString(s)
 }
 
 // UTF16ToString returns the UTF-8 encoding of the UTF-16 sequence s,
 // with a terminating NUL and any bytes after the NUL removed.
 func UTF16ToString(s []uint16) string {
 	return syscall.UTF16ToString(s)
 }
 
 // StringToUTF16Ptr is deprecated. Use UTF16PtrFromString instead.
 // If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
 // returning an error.
 func StringToUTF16Ptr(s string) *uint16 { return &StringToUTF16(s)[0] }
 
 // UTF16PtrFromString returns pointer to the UTF-16 encoding of
 // the UTF-8 string s, with a terminating NUL added. If s
 // contains a NUL byte at any location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
 func UTF16PtrFromString(s string) (*uint16, error) {
 	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &a[0], nil
 }
 
 // UTF16PtrToString takes a pointer to a UTF-16 sequence and returns the corresponding UTF-8 encoded string.
 // If the pointer is nil, it returns the empty string. It assumes that the UTF-16 sequence is terminated
 // at a zero word; if the zero word is not present, the program may crash.
 func UTF16PtrToString(p *uint16) string {
 	if p == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
 	if *p == 0 {
 		return ""
 	}
 
 	// Find NUL terminator.
 	n := 0
 	for ptr := unsafe.Pointer(p); *(*uint16)(ptr) != 0; n++ {
 		ptr = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(ptr) + unsafe.Sizeof(*p))
 	}
 
 	return string(utf16.Decode(unsafe.Slice(p, n)))
 }
 
 func Getpagesize() int { return 4096 }
 
 // NewCallback converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the stdcall calling convention.
 // This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
 // The argument is expected to be a function with with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
 func NewCallback(fn interface{}) uintptr {
 	return syscall.NewCallback(fn)
 }
 
 // NewCallbackCDecl converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the cdecl calling convention.
 // This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
 // The argument is expected to be a function with with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
 func NewCallbackCDecl(fn interface{}) uintptr {
 	return syscall.NewCallbackCDecl(fn)
 }
 
 // windows api calls
 
 //sys	GetLastError() (lasterr error)
 //sys	LoadLibrary(libname string) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryW
 //sys	LoadLibraryEx(libname string, zero Handle, flags uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryExW
 //sys	FreeLibrary(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	GetProcAddress(module Handle, procname string) (proc uintptr, err error)
 //sys	GetModuleFileName(module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW
 //sys	GetModuleHandleEx(flags uint32, moduleName *uint16, module *Handle) (err error) = kernel32.GetModuleHandleExW
 //sys	SetDefaultDllDirectories(directoryFlags uint32) (err error)
 //sys	SetDllDirectory(path string) (err error) = kernel32.SetDllDirectoryW
 //sys	GetVersion() (ver uint32, err error)
 //sys	FormatMessage(flags uint32, msgsrc uintptr, msgid uint32, langid uint32, buf []uint16, args *byte) (n uint32, err error) = FormatMessageW
 //sys	ExitProcess(exitcode uint32)
 //sys	IsWow64Process(handle Handle, isWow64 *bool) (err error) = IsWow64Process
 //sys	IsWow64Process2(handle Handle, processMachine *uint16, nativeMachine *uint16) (err error) = IsWow64Process2?
 //sys	CreateFile(name *uint16, access uint32, mode uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes, createmode uint32, attrs uint32, templatefile Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateFileW
 //sys	CreateNamedPipe(name *uint16, flags uint32, pipeMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, outSize uint32, inSize uint32, defaultTimeout uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes) (handle Handle, err error)  [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateNamedPipeW
 //sys	ConnectNamedPipe(pipe Handle, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
 //sys	GetNamedPipeInfo(pipe Handle, flags *uint32, outSize *uint32, inSize *uint32, maxInstances *uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, curInstances *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32, userName *uint16, maxUserNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetNamedPipeHandleStateW
 //sys	SetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32) (err error) = SetNamedPipeHandleState
 //sys	readFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = ReadFile
 //sys	writeFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = WriteFile
 //sys	GetOverlappedResult(handle Handle, overlapped *Overlapped, done *uint32, wait bool) (err error)
 //sys	SetFilePointer(handle Handle, lowoffset int32, highoffsetptr *int32, whence uint32) (newlowoffset uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
 //sys	CloseHandle(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	GetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle]
 //sys	SetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32, handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	findFirstFile1(name *uint16, data *win32finddata1) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstFileW
 //sys	findNextFile1(handle Handle, data *win32finddata1) (err error) = FindNextFileW
 //sys	FindClose(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	GetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, data *ByHandleFileInformation) (err error)
 //sys	GetFileInformationByHandleEx(handle Handle, class uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferLen uint32) (err error)
 //sys	SetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, class uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetCurrentDirectory(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetCurrentDirectoryW
 //sys	SetCurrentDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = SetCurrentDirectoryW
 //sys	CreateDirectory(path *uint16, sa *SecurityAttributes) (err error) = CreateDirectoryW
 //sys	RemoveDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = RemoveDirectoryW
 //sys	DeleteFile(path *uint16) (err error) = DeleteFileW
 //sys	MoveFile(from *uint16, to *uint16) (err error) = MoveFileW
 //sys	MoveFileEx(from *uint16, to *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) = MoveFileExW
 //sys	LockFileEx(file Handle, flags uint32, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
 //sys	UnlockFileEx(file Handle, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
 //sys	GetComputerName(buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameW
 //sys	GetComputerNameEx(nametype uint32, buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameExW
 //sys	SetEndOfFile(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
 //sys	GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
 //sys	GetTimeZoneInformation(tzi *Timezoneinformation) (rc uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
 //sys	CreateIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uintptr, threadcnt uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
 //sys	GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error)
 //sys	PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
 //sys	CancelIo(s Handle) (err error)
 //sys	CancelIoEx(s Handle, o *Overlapped) (err error)
 //sys	CreateProcess(appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = CreateProcessW
 //sys	CreateProcessAsUser(token Token, appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = advapi32.CreateProcessAsUserW
 //sys   initializeProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, attrcount uint32, flags uint32, size *uintptr) (err error) = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList
 //sys   deleteProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList) = DeleteProcThreadAttributeList
 //sys   updateProcThreadAttribute(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, flags uint32, attr uintptr, value unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr, prevvalue unsafe.Pointer, returnedsize *uintptr) (err error) = UpdateProcThreadAttribute
 //sys	OpenProcess(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
 //sys	ShellExecute(hwnd Handle, verb *uint16, file *uint16, args *uint16, cwd *uint16, showCmd int32) (err error) [failretval<=32] = shell32.ShellExecuteW
 //sys	GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd HWND, pid *uint32) (tid uint32, err error) = user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId
 //sys	GetShellWindow() (shellWindow HWND) = user32.GetShellWindow
 //sys	MessageBox(hwnd HWND, text *uint16, caption *uint16, boxtype uint32) (ret int32, err error) [failretval==0] = user32.MessageBoxW
 //sys	ExitWindowsEx(flags uint32, reason uint32) (err error) = user32.ExitWindowsEx
 //sys	shGetKnownFolderPath(id *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32, token Token, path **uint16) (ret error) = shell32.SHGetKnownFolderPath
 //sys	TerminateProcess(handle Handle, exitcode uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetExitCodeProcess(handle Handle, exitcode *uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetStartupInfo(startupInfo *StartupInfo) (err error) = GetStartupInfoW
 //sys	GetProcessTimes(handle Handle, creationTime *Filetime, exitTime *Filetime, kernelTime *Filetime, userTime *Filetime) (err error)
 //sys	DuplicateHandle(hSourceProcessHandle Handle, hSourceHandle Handle, hTargetProcessHandle Handle, lpTargetHandle *Handle, dwDesiredAccess uint32, bInheritHandle bool, dwOptions uint32) (err error)
 //sys	WaitForSingleObject(handle Handle, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
 //sys	waitForMultipleObjects(count uint32, handles uintptr, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = WaitForMultipleObjects
 //sys	GetTempPath(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetTempPathW
 //sys	CreatePipe(readhandle *Handle, writehandle *Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, size uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetFileType(filehandle Handle) (n uint32, err error)
 //sys	CryptAcquireContext(provhandle *Handle, container *uint16, provider *uint16, provtype uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptAcquireContextW
 //sys	CryptReleaseContext(provhandle Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptReleaseContext
 //sys	CryptGenRandom(provhandle Handle, buflen uint32, buf *byte) (err error) = advapi32.CryptGenRandom
 //sys	GetEnvironmentStrings() (envs *uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = kernel32.GetEnvironmentStringsW
 //sys	FreeEnvironmentStrings(envs *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.FreeEnvironmentStringsW
 //sys	GetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, buffer *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW
 //sys	SetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, value *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.SetEnvironmentVariableW
 //sys	ExpandEnvironmentStrings(src *uint16, dst *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.ExpandEnvironmentStringsW
 //sys	CreateEnvironmentBlock(block **uint16, token Token, inheritExisting bool) (err error) = userenv.CreateEnvironmentBlock
 //sys	DestroyEnvironmentBlock(block *uint16) (err error) = userenv.DestroyEnvironmentBlock
 //sys	getTickCount64() (ms uint64) = kernel32.GetTickCount64
 //sys	SetFileTime(handle Handle, ctime *Filetime, atime *Filetime, wtime *Filetime) (err error)
 //sys	GetFileAttributes(name *uint16) (attrs uint32, err error) [failretval==INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES] = kernel32.GetFileAttributesW
 //sys	SetFileAttributes(name *uint16, attrs uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
 //sys	GetFileAttributesEx(name *uint16, level uint32, info *byte) (err error) = kernel32.GetFileAttributesExW
 //sys	GetCommandLine() (cmd *uint16) = kernel32.GetCommandLineW
 //sys	CommandLineToArgv(cmd *uint16, argc *int32) (argv *[8192]*[8192]uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
 //sys	LocalFree(hmem Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval!=0]
 //sys	LocalAlloc(flags uint32, length uint32) (ptr uintptr, err error)
 //sys	SetHandleInformation(handle Handle, mask uint32, flags uint32) (err error)
 //sys	FlushFileBuffers(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	GetFullPathName(path *uint16, buflen uint32, buf *uint16, fname **uint16) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFullPathNameW
 //sys	GetLongPathName(path *uint16, buf *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetLongPathNameW
 //sys	GetShortPathName(longpath *uint16, shortpath *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
 //sys	GetFinalPathNameByHandle(file Handle, filePath *uint16, filePathSize uint32, flags uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFinalPathNameByHandleW
 //sys	CreateFileMapping(fhandle Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, prot uint32, maxSizeHigh uint32, maxSizeLow uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateFileMappingW
 //sys	MapViewOfFile(handle Handle, access uint32, offsetHigh uint32, offsetLow uint32, length uintptr) (addr uintptr, err error)
 //sys	UnmapViewOfFile(addr uintptr) (err error)
 //sys	FlushViewOfFile(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
 //sys	VirtualLock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
 //sys	VirtualUnlock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
 //sys	VirtualAlloc(address uintptr, size uintptr, alloctype uint32, protect uint32) (value uintptr, err error) = kernel32.VirtualAlloc
 //sys	VirtualFree(address uintptr, size uintptr, freetype uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualFree
 //sys	VirtualProtect(address uintptr, size uintptr, newprotect uint32, oldprotect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtect
 //sys	VirtualProtectEx(process Handle, address uintptr, size uintptr, newProtect uint32, oldProtect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtectEx
 //sys	VirtualQuery(address uintptr, buffer *MemoryBasicInformation, length uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualQuery
 //sys	VirtualQueryEx(process Handle, address uintptr, buffer *MemoryBasicInformation, length uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualQueryEx
 //sys	ReadProcessMemory(process Handle, baseAddress uintptr, buffer *byte, size uintptr, numberOfBytesRead *uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadProcessMemory
 //sys	WriteProcessMemory(process Handle, baseAddress uintptr, buffer *byte, size uintptr, numberOfBytesWritten *uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.WriteProcessMemory
 //sys	TransmitFile(s Handle, handle Handle, bytesToWrite uint32, bytsPerSend uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, transmitFileBuf *TransmitFileBuffers, flags uint32) (err error) = mswsock.TransmitFile
 //sys	ReadDirectoryChanges(handle Handle, buf *byte, buflen uint32, watchSubTree bool, mask uint32, retlen *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadDirectoryChangesW
 //sys	FindFirstChangeNotification(path string, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.FindFirstChangeNotificationW
 //sys	FindNextChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	FindCloseChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
 //sys	CertOpenSystemStore(hprov Handle, name *uint16) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenSystemStoreW
 //sys	CertOpenStore(storeProvider uintptr, msgAndCertEncodingType uint32, cryptProv uintptr, flags uint32, para uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenStore
 //sys	CertEnumCertificatesInStore(store Handle, prevContext *CertContext) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertEnumCertificatesInStore
 //sys	CertAddCertificateContextToStore(store Handle, certContext *CertContext, addDisposition uint32, storeContext **CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertAddCertificateContextToStore
 //sys	CertCloseStore(store Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CertCloseStore
 //sys	CertDeleteCertificateFromStore(certContext *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertDeleteCertificateFromStore
 //sys	CertDuplicateCertificateContext(certContext *CertContext) (dupContext *CertContext) = crypt32.CertDuplicateCertificateContext
 //sys	PFXImportCertStore(pfx *CryptDataBlob, password *uint16, flags uint32) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.PFXImportCertStore
 //sys	CertGetCertificateChain(engine Handle, leaf *CertContext, time *Filetime, additionalStore Handle, para *CertChainPara, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, chainCtx **CertChainContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertGetCertificateChain
 //sys	CertFreeCertificateChain(ctx *CertChainContext) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateChain
 //sys	CertCreateCertificateContext(certEncodingType uint32, certEncoded *byte, encodedLen uint32) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertCreateCertificateContext
 //sys	CertFreeCertificateContext(ctx *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateContext
 //sys	CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(policyOID uintptr, chain *CertChainContext, para *CertChainPolicyPara, status *CertChainPolicyStatus) (err error) = crypt32.CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy
 //sys	CertGetNameString(certContext *CertContext, nameType uint32, flags uint32, typePara unsafe.Pointer, name *uint16, size uint32) (chars uint32) = crypt32.CertGetNameStringW
 //sys	CertFindExtension(objId *byte, countExtensions uint32, extensions *CertExtension) (ret *CertExtension) = crypt32.CertFindExtension
 //sys   CertFindCertificateInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevCertContext *CertContext) (cert *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindCertificateInStore
 //sys   CertFindChainInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevChainContext *CertChainContext) (certchain *CertChainContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindChainInStore
 //sys   CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey(cert *CertContext, flags uint32, parameters unsafe.Pointer, cryptProvOrNCryptKey *Handle, keySpec *uint32, callerFreeProvOrNCryptKey *bool) (err error) = crypt32.CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey
 //sys	CryptQueryObject(objectType uint32, object unsafe.Pointer, expectedContentTypeFlags uint32, expectedFormatTypeFlags uint32, flags uint32, msgAndCertEncodingType *uint32, contentType *uint32, formatType *uint32, certStore *Handle, msg *Handle, context *unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = crypt32.CryptQueryObject
 //sys	CryptDecodeObject(encodingType uint32, structType *byte, encodedBytes *byte, lenEncodedBytes uint32, flags uint32, decoded unsafe.Pointer, decodedLen *uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CryptDecodeObject
 //sys	CryptProtectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name *uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptProtectData
 //sys	CryptUnprotectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name **uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptUnprotectData
 //sys	WinVerifyTrustEx(hwnd HWND, actionId *GUID, data *WinTrustData) (ret error) = wintrust.WinVerifyTrustEx
 //sys	RegOpenKeyEx(key Handle, subkey *uint16, options uint32, desiredAccess uint32, result *Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegOpenKeyExW
 //sys	RegCloseKey(key Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegCloseKey
 //sys	RegQueryInfoKey(key Handle, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, subkeysLen *uint32, maxSubkeyLen *uint32, maxClassLen *uint32, valuesLen *uint32, maxValueNameLen *uint32, maxValueLen *uint32, saLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryInfoKeyW
 //sys	RegEnumKeyEx(key Handle, index uint32, name *uint16, nameLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegEnumKeyExW
 //sys	RegQueryValueEx(key Handle, name *uint16, reserved *uint32, valtype *uint32, buf *byte, buflen *uint32) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW
 //sys	RegNotifyChangeKeyValue(key Handle, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32, event Handle, asynchronous bool) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegNotifyChangeKeyValue
 //sys	GetCurrentProcessId() (pid uint32) = kernel32.GetCurrentProcessId
 //sys	ProcessIdToSessionId(pid uint32, sessionid *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.ProcessIdToSessionId
 //sys	GetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
 //sys	SetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleMode
 //sys	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console Handle, info *ConsoleScreenBufferInfo) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
 //sys	setConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
 //sys	WriteConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, towrite uint32, written *uint32, reserved *byte) (err error) = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
 //sys	ReadConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, toread uint32, read *uint32, inputControl *byte) (err error) = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
 //sys	CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(flags uint32, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
 //sys	Module32First(snapshot Handle, moduleEntry *ModuleEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Module32FirstW
 //sys	Module32Next(snapshot Handle, moduleEntry *ModuleEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Module32NextW
 //sys	Process32First(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32FirstW
 //sys	Process32Next(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32NextW
 //sys	Thread32First(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
 //sys	Thread32Next(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
 //sys	DeviceIoControl(handle Handle, ioControlCode uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferSize uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
 // This function returns 1 byte BOOLEAN rather than the 4 byte BOOL.
 //sys	CreateSymbolicLink(symlinkfilename *uint16, targetfilename *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateSymbolicLinkW
 //sys	CreateHardLink(filename *uint16, existingfilename *uint16, reserved uintptr) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateHardLinkW
 //sys	GetCurrentThreadId() (id uint32)
 //sys	CreateEvent(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, manualReset uint32, initialState uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventW
 //sys	CreateEventEx(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventExW
 //sys	OpenEvent(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenEventW
 //sys	SetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.SetEvent
 //sys	ResetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ResetEvent
 //sys	PulseEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.PulseEvent
 //sys	CreateMutex(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, initialOwner bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexW
 //sys	CreateMutexEx(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexExW
 //sys	OpenMutex(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenMutexW
 //sys	ReleaseMutex(mutex Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ReleaseMutex
 //sys	SleepEx(milliseconds uint32, alertable bool) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SleepEx
 //sys	CreateJobObject(jobAttr *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.CreateJobObjectW
 //sys	AssignProcessToJobObject(job Handle, process Handle) (err error) = kernel32.AssignProcessToJobObject
 //sys	TerminateJobObject(job Handle, exitCode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.TerminateJobObject
 //sys	SetErrorMode(mode uint32) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SetErrorMode
 //sys	ResumeThread(thread Handle) (ret uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = kernel32.ResumeThread
 //sys	SetPriorityClass(process Handle, priorityClass uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetPriorityClass
 //sys	GetPriorityClass(process Handle) (ret uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetPriorityClass
 //sys	QueryInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass int32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32, retlen *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryInformationJobObject
 //sys	SetInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass uint32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32) (ret int, err error)
 //sys	GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(ctrlEvent uint32, processGroupID uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetProcessId(process Handle) (id uint32, err error)
 //sys	QueryFullProcessImageName(proc Handle, flags uint32, exeName *uint16, size *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryFullProcessImageNameW
 //sys	OpenThread(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, threadId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
 //sys	SetProcessPriorityBoost(process Handle, disable bool) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessPriorityBoost
 //sys	GetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, lpMinimumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, lpMaximumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, flags *uint32)
 //sys	SetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, dwMinimumWorkingSetSize uintptr, dwMaximumWorkingSetSize uintptr, flags uint32) (err error)
 //sys	GetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
 //sys	SetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
 //sys	GetActiveProcessorCount(groupNumber uint16) (ret uint32)
 //sys	GetMaximumProcessorCount(groupNumber uint16) (ret uint32)
 //sys	EnumWindows(enumFunc uintptr, param unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = user32.EnumWindows
 //sys	EnumChildWindows(hwnd HWND, enumFunc uintptr, param unsafe.Pointer) = user32.EnumChildWindows
 //sys	GetClassName(hwnd HWND, className *uint16, maxCount int32) (copied int32, err error) = user32.GetClassNameW
 //sys	GetDesktopWindow() (hwnd HWND) = user32.GetDesktopWindow
 //sys	GetForegroundWindow() (hwnd HWND) = user32.GetForegroundWindow
 //sys	IsWindow(hwnd HWND) (isWindow bool) = user32.IsWindow
 //sys	IsWindowUnicode(hwnd HWND) (isUnicode bool) = user32.IsWindowUnicode
 //sys	IsWindowVisible(hwnd HWND) (isVisible bool) = user32.IsWindowVisible
 //sys	GetGUIThreadInfo(thread uint32, info *GUIThreadInfo) (err error) = user32.GetGUIThreadInfo
 //sys	GetLargePageMinimum() (size uintptr)
 
 // Volume Management Functions
 //sys	DefineDosDevice(flags uint32, deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16) (err error) = DefineDosDeviceW
 //sys	DeleteVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16) (err error) = DeleteVolumeMountPointW
 //sys	FindFirstVolume(volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeW
 //sys	FindFirstVolumeMountPoint(rootPathName *uint16, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeMountPointW
 //sys	FindNextVolume(findVolume Handle, volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeW
 //sys	FindNextVolumeMountPoint(findVolumeMountPoint Handle, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeMountPointW
 //sys	FindVolumeClose(findVolume Handle) (err error)
 //sys	FindVolumeMountPointClose(findVolumeMountPoint Handle) (err error)
 //sys	GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(directoryName *uint16, freeBytesAvailableToCaller *uint64, totalNumberOfBytes *uint64, totalNumberOfFreeBytes *uint64) (err error) = GetDiskFreeSpaceExW
 //sys	GetDriveType(rootPathName *uint16) (driveType uint32) = GetDriveTypeW
 //sys	GetLogicalDrives() (drivesBitMask uint32, err error) [failretval==0]
 //sys	GetLogicalDriveStrings(bufferLength uint32, buffer *uint16) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = GetLogicalDriveStringsW
 //sys	GetVolumeInformation(rootPathName *uint16, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationW
 //sys	GetVolumeInformationByHandle(file Handle, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationByHandleW
 //sys	GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16, bufferlength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPointW
 //sys	GetVolumePathName(fileName *uint16, volumePathName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNameW
 //sys	GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(volumeName *uint16, volumePathNames *uint16, bufferLength uint32, returnLength *uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW
 //sys	QueryDosDevice(deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16, max uint32) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = QueryDosDeviceW
 //sys	SetVolumeLabel(rootPathName *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeLabelW
 //sys	SetVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeMountPointW
 //sys	InitiateSystemShutdownEx(machineName *uint16, message *uint16, timeout uint32, forceAppsClosed bool, rebootAfterShutdown bool, reason uint32) (err error) = advapi32.InitiateSystemShutdownExW
 //sys	SetProcessShutdownParameters(level uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessShutdownParameters
 //sys	GetProcessShutdownParameters(level *uint32, flags *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessShutdownParameters
 //sys	clsidFromString(lpsz *uint16, pclsid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CLSIDFromString
 //sys	stringFromGUID2(rguid *GUID, lpsz *uint16, cchMax int32) (chars int32) = ole32.StringFromGUID2
 //sys	coCreateGuid(pguid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CoCreateGuid
 //sys	CoTaskMemFree(address unsafe.Pointer) = ole32.CoTaskMemFree
 //sys	CoInitializeEx(reserved uintptr, coInit uint32) (ret error) = ole32.CoInitializeEx
 //sys	CoUninitialize() = ole32.CoUninitialize
 //sys	CoGetObject(name *uint16, bindOpts *BIND_OPTS3, guid *GUID, functionTable **uintptr) (ret error) = ole32.CoGetObject
 //sys	getProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessPreferredUILanguages
 //sys	getThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetThreadPreferredUILanguages
 //sys	getUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetUserPreferredUILanguages
 //sys	getSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetSystemPreferredUILanguages
 //sys	findResource(module Handle, name uintptr, resType uintptr) (resInfo Handle, err error) = kernel32.FindResourceW
 //sys	SizeofResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (size uint32, err error) = kernel32.SizeofResource
 //sys	LoadResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (resData Handle, err error) = kernel32.LoadResource
 //sys	LockResource(resData Handle) (addr uintptr, err error) = kernel32.LockResource
 
 // Version APIs
 //sys	GetFileVersionInfoSize(filename string, zeroHandle *Handle) (bufSize uint32, err error) = version.GetFileVersionInfoSizeW
 //sys	GetFileVersionInfo(filename string, handle uint32, bufSize uint32, buffer unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = version.GetFileVersionInfoW
 //sys	VerQueryValue(block unsafe.Pointer, subBlock string, pointerToBufferPointer unsafe.Pointer, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = version.VerQueryValueW
 
 // Process Status API (PSAPI)
 //sys	enumProcesses(processIds *uint32, nSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcesses
 //sys	EnumProcessModules(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModules
 //sys	EnumProcessModulesEx(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32, filterFlag uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModulesEx
 //sys	GetModuleInformation(process Handle, module Handle, modinfo *ModuleInfo, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleInformation
 //sys	GetModuleFileNameEx(process Handle, module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleFileNameExW
 //sys	GetModuleBaseName(process Handle, module Handle, baseName *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleBaseNameW
 //sys   QueryWorkingSetEx(process Handle, pv uintptr, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.QueryWorkingSetEx
 
 // NT Native APIs
 //sys	rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(ntstatus NTStatus) (ret syscall.Errno) = ntdll.RtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb
 //sys	rtlGetVersion(info *OsVersionInfoEx) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlGetVersion
 //sys	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(majorVersion *uint32, minorVersion *uint32, buildNumber *uint32) = ntdll.RtlGetNtVersionNumbers
 //sys	RtlGetCurrentPeb() (peb *PEB) = ntdll.RtlGetCurrentPeb
 //sys	RtlInitUnicodeString(destinationString *NTUnicodeString, sourceString *uint16) = ntdll.RtlInitUnicodeString
 //sys	RtlInitString(destinationString *NTString, sourceString *byte) = ntdll.RtlInitString
 //sys	NtCreateFile(handle *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, allocationSize *int64, attributes uint32, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, eabuffer uintptr, ealength uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateFile
 //sys	NtCreateNamedPipeFile(pipe *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, typ uint32, readMode uint32, completionMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, inboundQuota uint32, outputQuota uint32, timeout *int64) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateNamedPipeFile
 //sys	NtSetInformationFile(handle Handle, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32, class uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationFile
 //sys	RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName_U_WithStatus
 //sys	RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName_U_WithStatus
 //sys	RtlDefaultNpAcl(acl **ACL) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDefaultNpAcl
 //sys	NtQueryInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQueryInformationProcess
 //sys	NtSetInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationProcess
 //sys	NtQuerySystemInformation(sysInfoClass int32, sysInfo unsafe.Pointer, sysInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQuerySystemInformation
 //sys	NtSetSystemInformation(sysInfoClass int32, sysInfo unsafe.Pointer, sysInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetSystemInformation
 //sys	RtlAddFunctionTable(functionTable *RUNTIME_FUNCTION, entryCount uint32, baseAddress uintptr) (ret bool) = ntdll.RtlAddFunctionTable
 //sys	RtlDeleteFunctionTable(functionTable *RUNTIME_FUNCTION) (ret bool) = ntdll.RtlDeleteFunctionTable
 
 // Desktop Window Manager API (Dwmapi)
 //sys	DwmGetWindowAttribute(hwnd HWND, attribute uint32, value unsafe.Pointer, size uint32) (ret error) = dwmapi.DwmGetWindowAttribute
 //sys	DwmSetWindowAttribute(hwnd HWND, attribute uint32, value unsafe.Pointer, size uint32) (ret error) = dwmapi.DwmSetWindowAttribute
 
 // syscall interface implementation for other packages
 
 // GetCurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
 // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
 // The returned error is always nil.
 //
 // Deprecated: use CurrentProcess for the same Handle without the nil
 // error.
 func GetCurrentProcess() (Handle, error) {
 	return CurrentProcess(), nil
 }
 
 // CurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
 // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
 func CurrentProcess() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(1 - 1)) }
 
 // GetCurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
 // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
 // The returned error is always nil.
 //
 // Deprecated: use CurrentThread for the same Handle without the nil
 // error.
 func GetCurrentThread() (Handle, error) {
 	return CurrentThread(), nil
 }
 
 // CurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
 // It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
 func CurrentThread() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(2 - 1)) }
 
 // GetProcAddressByOrdinal retrieves the address of the exported
 // function from module by ordinal.
 func GetProcAddressByOrdinal(module Handle, ordinal uintptr) (proc uintptr, err error) {
 	r0, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall(procGetProcAddress.Addr(), 2, uintptr(module), ordinal, 0)
 	proc = uintptr(r0)
 	if proc == 0 {
 		err = errnoErr(e1)
 	}
 	return
 }
 
 func Exit(code int) { ExitProcess(uint32(code)) }
 
 func makeInheritSa() *SecurityAttributes {
 	var sa SecurityAttributes
 	sa.Length = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa))
 	sa.InheritHandle = 1
 	return &sa
 }
 
 func Open(path string, mode int, perm uint32) (fd Handle, err error) {
 	if len(path) == 0 {
 		return InvalidHandle, ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
 	}
 	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return InvalidHandle, err
 	}
 	var access uint32
 	switch mode & (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR) {
 	case O_RDONLY:
 		access = GENERIC_READ
 	case O_WRONLY:
 		access = GENERIC_WRITE
 	case O_RDWR:
 		access = GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE
 	}
 	if mode&O_CREAT != 0 {
 		access |= GENERIC_WRITE
 	}
 	if mode&O_APPEND != 0 {
 		access &^= GENERIC_WRITE
 		access |= FILE_APPEND_DATA
 	}
 	sharemode := uint32(FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE)
 	var sa *SecurityAttributes
 	if mode&O_CLOEXEC == 0 {
 		sa = makeInheritSa()
 	}
 	var createmode uint32
 	switch {
 	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_EXCL) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL):
 		createmode = CREATE_NEW
 	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_TRUNC) == (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
 		createmode = CREATE_ALWAYS
 	case mode&O_CREAT == O_CREAT:
 		createmode = OPEN_ALWAYS
 	case mode&O_TRUNC == O_TRUNC:
 		createmode = TRUNCATE_EXISTING
 	default:
 		createmode = OPEN_EXISTING
 	}
 	var attrs uint32 = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
 	if perm&S_IWRITE == 0 {
 		attrs = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
 	}
 	h, e := CreateFile(pathp, access, sharemode, sa, createmode, attrs, 0)
 	return h, e
 }
 
 func Read(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	var done uint32
 	e := ReadFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
 	if e != nil {
 		if e == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE {
 			// NOTE(brainman): work around ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE is returned on reading EOF from stdin
 			return 0, nil
 		}
 		return 0, e
 	}
 	return int(done), nil
 }
 
 func Write(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	if raceenabled {
 		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
 	}
 	var done uint32
 	e := WriteFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
 	if e != nil {
 		return 0, e
 	}
 	return int(done), nil
 }
 
 func ReadFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
 	err := readFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
 	if raceenabled {
 		if *done > 0 {
 			raceWriteRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
 		}
 		raceAcquire(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
 func WriteFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
 	if raceenabled {
 		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
 	}
 	err := writeFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
 	if raceenabled && *done > 0 {
 		raceReadRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
 var ioSync int64
 
 func Seek(fd Handle, offset int64, whence int) (newoffset int64, err error) {
 	var w uint32
 	switch whence {
 	case 0:
 		w = FILE_BEGIN
 	case 1:
 		w = FILE_CURRENT
 	case 2:
 		w = FILE_END
 	}
 	hi := int32(offset >> 32)
 	lo := int32(offset)
 	// use GetFileType to check pipe, pipe can't do seek
 	ft, _ := GetFileType(fd)
 	if ft == FILE_TYPE_PIPE {
 		return 0, syscall.EPIPE
 	}
 	rlo, e := SetFilePointer(fd, lo, &hi, w)
 	if e != nil {
 		return 0, e
 	}
 	return int64(hi)<<32 + int64(rlo), nil
 }
 
 func Close(fd Handle) (err error) {
 	return CloseHandle(fd)
 }
 
 var (
 	Stdin  = getStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
 	Stdout = getStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
 	Stderr = getStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
 )
 
 func getStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (fd Handle) {
 	r, _ := GetStdHandle(stdhandle)
 	return r
 }
 
 const ImplementsGetwd = true
 
 func Getwd() (wd string, err error) {
 	b := make([]uint16, 300)
 	n, e := GetCurrentDirectory(uint32(len(b)), &b[0])
 	if e != nil {
 		return "", e
 	}
 	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
 }
 
 func Chdir(path string) (err error) {
 	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return SetCurrentDirectory(pathp)
 }
 
 func Mkdir(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
 	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return CreateDirectory(pathp, nil)
 }
 
 func Rmdir(path string) (err error) {
 	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return RemoveDirectory(pathp)
 }
 
 func Unlink(path string) (err error) {
 	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return DeleteFile(pathp)
 }
 
 func Rename(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) {
 	from, err := UTF16PtrFromString(oldpath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	to, err := UTF16PtrFromString(newpath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return MoveFileEx(from, to, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)
 }
 
 func ComputerName() (name string, err error) {
 	var n uint32 = MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH + 1
 	b := make([]uint16, n)
 	e := GetComputerName(&b[0], &n)
 	if e != nil {
 		return "", e
 	}
 	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
 }
 
 func DurationSinceBoot() time.Duration {
 	return time.Duration(getTickCount64()) * time.Millisecond
 }
 
 func Ftruncate(fd Handle, length int64) (err error) {
 	curoffset, e := Seek(fd, 0, 1)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	defer Seek(fd, curoffset, 0)
 	_, e = Seek(fd, length, 0)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	e = SetEndOfFile(fd)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 func Gettimeofday(tv *Timeval) (err error) {
 	var ft Filetime
 	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft)
 	*tv = NsecToTimeval(ft.Nanoseconds())
 	return nil
 }
 
 func Pipe(p []Handle) (err error) {
 	if len(p) != 2 {
 		return syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	var r, w Handle
 	e := CreatePipe(&r, &w, makeInheritSa(), 0)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	p[0] = r
 	p[1] = w
 	return nil
 }
 
 func Utimes(path string, tv []Timeval) (err error) {
 	if len(tv) != 2 {
 		return syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
 		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
 		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	defer CloseHandle(h)
 	a := NsecToFiletime(tv[0].Nanoseconds())
 	w := NsecToFiletime(tv[1].Nanoseconds())
 	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
 }
 
 func UtimesNano(path string, ts []Timespec) (err error) {
 	if len(ts) != 2 {
 		return syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
 		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
 		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	defer CloseHandle(h)
 	a := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[0]))
 	w := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[1]))
 	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
 }
 
 func Fsync(fd Handle) (err error) {
 	return FlushFileBuffers(fd)
 }
 
 func Chmod(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
 	p, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	attrs, e := GetFileAttributes(p)
 	if e != nil {
 		return e
 	}
 	if mode&S_IWRITE != 0 {
 		attrs &^= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
 	} else {
 		attrs |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
 	}
 	return SetFileAttributes(p, attrs)
 }
 
 func LoadGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime() error {
 	return procGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime.Find()
 }
 
 func LoadCancelIoEx() error {
 	return procCancelIoEx.Find()
 }
 
 func LoadSetFileCompletionNotificationModes() error {
 	return procSetFileCompletionNotificationModes.Find()
 }
 
 func WaitForMultipleObjects(handles []Handle, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) {
 	// Every other win32 array API takes arguments as "pointer, count", except for this function. So we
 	// can't declare it as a usual [] type, because mksyscall will use the opposite order. We therefore
 	// trivially stub this ourselves.
 
 	var handlePtr *Handle
 	if len(handles) > 0 {
 		handlePtr = &handles[0]
 	}
 	return waitForMultipleObjects(uint32(len(handles)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(handlePtr)), waitAll, waitMilliseconds)
 }
 
 // net api calls
 
 const socket_error = uintptr(^uint32(0))
 
 //sys	WSAStartup(verreq uint32, data *WSAData) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.WSAStartup
 //sys	WSACleanup() (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSACleanup
 //sys	WSAIoctl(s Handle, iocc uint32, inbuf *byte, cbif uint32, outbuf *byte, cbob uint32, cbbr *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSAIoctl
 //sys	WSALookupServiceBegin(querySet *WSAQUERYSET, flags uint32, handle *Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSALookupServiceBeginW
 //sys	WSALookupServiceNext(handle Handle, flags uint32, size *int32, querySet *WSAQUERYSET) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSALookupServiceNextW
 //sys	WSALookupServiceEnd(handle Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSALookupServiceEnd
 //sys	socket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.socket
 //sys	sendto(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, to unsafe.Pointer, tolen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.sendto
 //sys	recvfrom(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.recvfrom
 //sys	Setsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.setsockopt
 //sys	Getsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockopt
 //sys	bind(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.bind
 //sys	connect(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.connect
 //sys	getsockname(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockname
 //sys	getpeername(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getpeername
 //sys	listen(s Handle, backlog int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.listen
 //sys	shutdown(s Handle, how int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.shutdown
 //sys	Closesocket(s Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.closesocket
 //sys	AcceptEx(ls Handle, as Handle, buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, recvd *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = mswsock.AcceptEx
 //sys	GetAcceptExSockaddrs(buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, lrsa **RawSockaddrAny, lrsalen *int32, rrsa **RawSockaddrAny, rrsalen *int32) = mswsock.GetAcceptExSockaddrs
 //sys	WSARecv(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecv
 //sys	WSASend(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASend
 //sys	WSARecvFrom(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32,  from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecvFrom
 //sys	WSASendTo(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *RawSockaddrAny, tolen int32,  overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASendTo
 //sys	WSASocket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32, protoInfo *WSAProtocolInfo, group uint32, flags uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.WSASocketW
 //sys	GetHostByName(name string) (h *Hostent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.gethostbyname
 //sys	GetServByName(name string, proto string) (s *Servent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getservbyname
 //sys	Ntohs(netshort uint16) (u uint16) = ws2_32.ntohs
 //sys	GetProtoByName(name string) (p *Protoent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getprotobyname
 //sys	DnsQuery(name string, qtype uint16, options uint32, extra *byte, qrs **DNSRecord, pr *byte) (status error) = dnsapi.DnsQuery_W
 //sys	DnsRecordListFree(rl *DNSRecord, freetype uint32) = dnsapi.DnsRecordListFree
 //sys	DnsNameCompare(name1 *uint16, name2 *uint16) (same bool) = dnsapi.DnsNameCompare_W
 //sys	GetAddrInfoW(nodename *uint16, servicename *uint16, hints *AddrinfoW, result **AddrinfoW) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.GetAddrInfoW
 //sys	FreeAddrInfoW(addrinfo *AddrinfoW) = ws2_32.FreeAddrInfoW
 //sys	GetIfEntry(pIfRow *MibIfRow) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetIfEntry
 //sys	GetAdaptersInfo(ai *IpAdapterInfo, ol *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersInfo
 //sys	SetFileCompletionNotificationModes(handle Handle, flags uint8) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileCompletionNotificationModes
 //sys	WSAEnumProtocols(protocols *int32, protocolBuffer *WSAProtocolInfo, bufferLength *uint32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.WSAEnumProtocolsW
 //sys	WSAGetOverlappedResult(h Handle, o *Overlapped, bytes *uint32, wait bool, flags *uint32) (err error) = ws2_32.WSAGetOverlappedResult
 //sys	GetAdaptersAddresses(family uint32, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, adapterAddresses *IpAdapterAddresses, sizePointer *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersAddresses
 //sys	GetACP() (acp uint32) = kernel32.GetACP
 //sys	MultiByteToWideChar(codePage uint32, dwFlags uint32, str *byte, nstr int32, wchar *uint16, nwchar int32) (nwrite int32, err error) = kernel32.MultiByteToWideChar
 //sys	getBestInterfaceEx(sockaddr unsafe.Pointer, pdwBestIfIndex *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetBestInterfaceEx
 
 // For testing: clients can set this flag to force
 // creation of IPv6 sockets to return EAFNOSUPPORT.
 var SocketDisableIPv6 bool
 
 type RawSockaddrInet4 struct {
 	Family uint16
 	Port   uint16
 	Addr   [4]byte /* in_addr */
 	Zero   [8]uint8
 }
 
 type RawSockaddrInet6 struct {
 	Family   uint16
 	Port     uint16
 	Flowinfo uint32
 	Addr     [16]byte /* in6_addr */
 	Scope_id uint32
 }
 
 type RawSockaddr struct {
 	Family uint16
 	Data   [14]int8
 }
 
 type RawSockaddrAny struct {
 	Addr RawSockaddr
 	Pad  [100]int8
 }
 
 type Sockaddr interface {
 	sockaddr() (ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int32, err error) // lowercase; only we can define Sockaddrs
 }
 
 type SockaddrInet4 struct {
 	Port int
 	Addr [4]byte
 	raw  RawSockaddrInet4
 }
 
 func (sa *SockaddrInet4) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
 	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
 		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET
 	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
 	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
 	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
 	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
 	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
 }
 
 type SockaddrInet6 struct {
 	Port   int
 	ZoneId uint32
 	Addr   [16]byte
 	raw    RawSockaddrInet6
 }
 
 func (sa *SockaddrInet6) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
 	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
 		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET6
 	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
 	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
 	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
 	sa.raw.Scope_id = sa.ZoneId
 	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
 	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
 }
 
 type RawSockaddrUnix struct {
 	Family uint16
 	Path   [UNIX_PATH_MAX]int8
 }
 
 type SockaddrUnix struct {
 	Name string
 	raw  RawSockaddrUnix
 }
 
 func (sa *SockaddrUnix) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
 	name := sa.Name
 	n := len(name)
 	if n > len(sa.raw.Path) {
 		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	if n == len(sa.raw.Path) && name[0] != '@' {
 		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	sa.raw.Family = AF_UNIX
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
 		sa.raw.Path[i] = int8(name[i])
 	}
 	// length is family (uint16), name, NUL.
 	sl := int32(2)
 	if n > 0 {
 		sl += int32(n) + 1
 	}
 	if sa.raw.Path[0] == '@' {
 		sa.raw.Path[0] = 0
 		// Don't count trailing NUL for abstract address.
 		sl--
 	}
 
 	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), sl, nil
 }
 
 type RawSockaddrBth struct {
 	AddressFamily  [2]byte
 	BtAddr         [8]byte
 	ServiceClassId [16]byte
 	Port           [4]byte
 }
 
 type SockaddrBth struct {
 	BtAddr         uint64
 	ServiceClassId GUID
 	Port           uint32
 
 	raw RawSockaddrBth
 }
 
 func (sa *SockaddrBth) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
 	family := AF_BTH
 	sa.raw = RawSockaddrBth{
 		AddressFamily:  *(*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&family)),
 		BtAddr:         *(*[8]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.BtAddr)),
 		Port:           *(*[4]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.Port)),
 		ServiceClassId: *(*[16]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.ServiceClassId)),
 	}
 	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
 }
 
 func (rsa *RawSockaddrAny) Sockaddr() (Sockaddr, error) {
 	switch rsa.Addr.Family {
 	case AF_UNIX:
 		pp := (*RawSockaddrUnix)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
 		sa := new(SockaddrUnix)
 		if pp.Path[0] == 0 {
 			// "Abstract" Unix domain socket.
 			// Rewrite leading NUL as @ for textual display.
 			// (This is the standard convention.)
 			// Not friendly to overwrite in place,
 			// but the callers below don't care.
 			pp.Path[0] = '@'
 		}
 
 		// Assume path ends at NUL.
 		// This is not technically the Linux semantics for
 		// abstract Unix domain sockets--they are supposed
 		// to be uninterpreted fixed-size binary blobs--but
 		// everyone uses this convention.
 		n := 0
 		for n < len(pp.Path) && pp.Path[n] != 0 {
 			n++
 		}
 		sa.Name = string(unsafe.Slice((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Path[0])), n))
 		return sa, nil
 
 	case AF_INET:
 		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet4)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
 		sa := new(SockaddrInet4)
 		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
 		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
 		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
 		return sa, nil
 
 	case AF_INET6:
 		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet6)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
 		sa := new(SockaddrInet6)
 		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
 		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
 		sa.ZoneId = pp.Scope_id
 		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
 		return sa, nil
 	}
 	return nil, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
 }
 
 func Socket(domain, typ, proto int) (fd Handle, err error) {
 	if domain == AF_INET6 && SocketDisableIPv6 {
 		return InvalidHandle, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
 	}
 	return socket(int32(domain), int32(typ), int32(proto))
 }
 
 func SetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int, value int) (err error) {
 	v := int32(value)
 	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v)))
 }
 
 func Bind(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
 	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return bind(fd, ptr, n)
 }
 
 func Connect(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
 	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return connect(fd, ptr, n)
 }
 
 func GetBestInterfaceEx(sa Sockaddr, pdwBestIfIndex *uint32) (err error) {
 	ptr, _, err := sa.sockaddr()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return getBestInterfaceEx(ptr, pdwBestIfIndex)
 }
 
 func Getsockname(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
 	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
 	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
 	if err = getsockname(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	return rsa.Sockaddr()
 }
 
 func Getpeername(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
 	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
 	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
 	if err = getpeername(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	return rsa.Sockaddr()
 }
 
 func Listen(s Handle, n int) (err error) {
 	return listen(s, int32(n))
 }
 
 func Shutdown(fd Handle, how int) (err error) {
 	return shutdown(fd, int32(how))
 }
 
 func WSASendto(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to Sockaddr, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
 	var rsa unsafe.Pointer
 	var l int32
 	if to != nil {
 		rsa, l, err = to.sockaddr()
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 	return WSASendTo(s, bufs, bufcnt, sent, flags, (*RawSockaddrAny)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), l, overlapped, croutine)
 }
 
 func LoadGetAddrInfo() error {
 	return procGetAddrInfoW.Find()
 }
 
 var connectExFunc struct {
 	once sync.Once
 	addr uintptr
 	err  error
 }
 
 func LoadConnectEx() error {
 	connectExFunc.once.Do(func() {
 		var s Handle
 		s, connectExFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)
 		if connectExFunc.err != nil {
 			return
 		}
 		defer CloseHandle(s)
 		var n uint32
 		connectExFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
 			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
 			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
 			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
 			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&connectExFunc.addr)),
 			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(connectExFunc.addr)),
 			&n, nil, 0)
 	})
 	return connectExFunc.err
 }
 
 func connectEx(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) {
 	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall9(connectExFunc.addr, 7, uintptr(s), uintptr(name), uintptr(namelen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sendBuf)), uintptr(sendDataLen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), 0, 0)
 	if r1 == 0 {
 		if e1 != 0 {
 			err = error(e1)
 		} else {
 			err = syscall.EINVAL
 		}
 	}
 	return
 }
 
 func ConnectEx(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
 	err := LoadConnectEx()
 	if err != nil {
 		return errorspkg.New("failed to find ConnectEx: " + err.Error())
 	}
 	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return connectEx(fd, ptr, n, sendBuf, sendDataLen, bytesSent, overlapped)
 }
 
 var sendRecvMsgFunc struct {
 	once     sync.Once
 	sendAddr uintptr
 	recvAddr uintptr
 	err      error
 }
 
 func loadWSASendRecvMsg() error {
 	sendRecvMsgFunc.once.Do(func() {
 		var s Handle
 		s, sendRecvMsgFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)
 		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
 			return
 		}
 		defer CloseHandle(s)
 		var n uint32
 		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
 			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
 			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
 			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
 			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
 			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
 			&n, nil, 0)
 		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
 			return
 		}
 		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
 			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
 			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
 			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
 			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
 			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
 			&n, nil, 0)
 	})
 	return sendRecvMsgFunc.err
 }
 
 func WSASendMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, flags uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
 	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr, 6, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
 	if r1 == socket_error {
 		err = errnoErr(e1)
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
 func WSARecvMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, bytesReceived *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
 	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr, 5, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesReceived)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)), 0)
 	if r1 == socket_error {
 		err = errnoErr(e1)
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
 // Invented structures to support what package os expects.
 type Rusage struct {
 	CreationTime Filetime
 	ExitTime     Filetime
 	KernelTime   Filetime
 	UserTime     Filetime
 }
 
 type WaitStatus struct {
 	ExitCode uint32
 }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) Exited() bool { return true }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) ExitStatus() int { return int(w.ExitCode) }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) Signal() Signal { return -1 }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) CoreDump() bool { return false }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) Stopped() bool { return false }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) Continued() bool { return false }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) StopSignal() Signal { return -1 }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) Signaled() bool { return false }
 
 func (w WaitStatus) TrapCause() int { return -1 }
 
 // Timespec is an invented structure on Windows, but here for
 // consistency with the corresponding package for other operating systems.
 type Timespec struct {
 	Sec  int64
 	Nsec int64
 }
 
 func TimespecToNsec(ts Timespec) int64 { return int64(ts.Sec)*1e9 + int64(ts.Nsec) }
 
 func NsecToTimespec(nsec int64) (ts Timespec) {
 	ts.Sec = nsec / 1e9
 	ts.Nsec = nsec % 1e9
 	return
 }
 
 // TODO(brainman): fix all needed for net
 
 func Accept(fd Handle) (nfd Handle, sa Sockaddr, err error) { return 0, nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
 
 func Recvfrom(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int) (n int, from Sockaddr, err error) {
 	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
 	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
 	n32, err := recvfrom(fd, p, int32(flags), &rsa, &l)
 	n = int(n32)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	from, err = rsa.Sockaddr()
 	return
 }
 
 func Sendto(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int, to Sockaddr) (err error) {
 	ptr, l, err := to.sockaddr()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return sendto(fd, p, int32(flags), ptr, l)
 }
 
 func SetsockoptTimeval(fd Handle, level, opt int, tv *Timeval) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 
 // The Linger struct is wrong but we only noticed after Go 1.
 // sysLinger is the real system call structure.
 
 // BUG(brainman): The definition of Linger is not appropriate for direct use
 // with Setsockopt and Getsockopt.
 // Use SetsockoptLinger instead.
 
 type Linger struct {
 	Onoff  int32
 	Linger int32
 }
 
 type sysLinger struct {
 	Onoff  uint16
 	Linger uint16
 }
 
 type IPMreq struct {
 	Multiaddr [4]byte /* in_addr */
 	Interface [4]byte /* in_addr */
 }
 
 type IPv6Mreq struct {
 	Multiaddr [16]byte /* in6_addr */
 	Interface uint32
 }
 
 func GetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int) (int, error) {
 	v := int32(0)
 	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v))
 	err := Getsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), &l)
 	return int(v), err
 }
 
 func SetsockoptLinger(fd Handle, level, opt int, l *Linger) (err error) {
 	sys := sysLinger{Onoff: uint16(l.Onoff), Linger: uint16(l.Linger)}
 	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sys)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sys)))
 }
 
 func SetsockoptInet4Addr(fd Handle, level, opt int, value [4]byte) (err error) {
 	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&value[0])), 4)
 }
 func SetsockoptIPMreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPMreq) (err error) {
 	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(mreq)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(*mreq)))
 }
 func SetsockoptIPv6Mreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPv6Mreq) (err error) {
 	return syscall.EWINDOWS
 }
 
 func EnumProcesses(processIds []uint32, bytesReturned *uint32) error {
 	// EnumProcesses syscall expects the size parameter to be in bytes, but the code generated with mksyscall uses
 	// the length of the processIds slice instead. Hence, this wrapper function is added to fix the discrepancy.
 	var p *uint32
 	if len(processIds) > 0 {
 		p = &processIds[0]
 	}
 	size := uint32(len(processIds) * 4)
 	return enumProcesses(p, size, bytesReturned)
 }
 
 func Getpid() (pid int) { return int(GetCurrentProcessId()) }
 
 func FindFirstFile(name *uint16, data *Win32finddata) (handle Handle, err error) {
 	// NOTE(rsc): The Win32finddata struct is wrong for the system call:
 	// the two paths are each one uint16 short. Use the correct struct,
 	// a win32finddata1, and then copy the results out.
 	// There is no loss of expressivity here, because the final
 	// uint16, if it is used, is supposed to be a NUL, and Go doesn't need that.
 	// For Go 1.1, we might avoid the allocation of win32finddata1 here
 	// by adding a final Bug [2]uint16 field to the struct and then
 	// adjusting the fields in the result directly.
 	var data1 win32finddata1
 	handle, err = findFirstFile1(name, &data1)
 	if err == nil {
 		copyFindData(data, &data1)
 	}
 	return
 }
 
 func FindNextFile(handle Handle, data *Win32finddata) (err error) {
 	var data1 win32finddata1
 	err = findNextFile1(handle, &data1)
 	if err == nil {
 		copyFindData(data, &data1)
 	}
 	return
 }
 
 func getProcessEntry(pid int) (*ProcessEntry32, error) {
 	snapshot, err := CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer CloseHandle(snapshot)
 	var procEntry ProcessEntry32
 	procEntry.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(procEntry))
 	if err = Process32First(snapshot, &procEntry); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	for {
 		if procEntry.ProcessID == uint32(pid) {
 			return &procEntry, nil
 		}
 		err = Process32Next(snapshot, &procEntry)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 func Getppid() (ppid int) {
 	pe, err := getProcessEntry(Getpid())
 	if err != nil {
 		return -1
 	}
 	return int(pe.ParentProcessID)
 }
 
 // TODO(brainman): fix all needed for os
 func Fchdir(fd Handle) (err error)             { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 func Link(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 func Symlink(path, link string) (err error)    { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 
 func Fchmod(fd Handle, mode uint32) (err error)        { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 func Chown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error)  { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 func Lchown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 func Fchown(fd Handle, uid int, gid int) (err error)   { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
 
 func Getuid() (uid int)                  { return -1 }
 func Geteuid() (euid int)                { return -1 }
 func Getgid() (gid int)                  { return -1 }
 func Getegid() (egid int)                { return -1 }
 func Getgroups() (gids []int, err error) { return nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
 
 type Signal int
 
 func (s Signal) Signal() {}
 
 func (s Signal) String() string {
 	if 0 <= s && int(s) < len(signals) {
 		str := signals[s]
 		if str != "" {
 			return str
 		}
 	}
 	return "signal " + itoa(int(s))
 }
 
 func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error {
 	return procCreateSymbolicLinkW.Find()
 }
 
 // Readlink returns the destination of the named symbolic link.
 func Readlink(path string, buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	fd, err := CreateFile(StringToUTF16Ptr(path), GENERIC_READ, 0, nil, OPEN_EXISTING,
 		FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT|FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		return -1, err
 	}
 	defer CloseHandle(fd)
 
 	rdbbuf := make([]byte, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
 	var bytesReturned uint32
 	err = DeviceIoControl(fd, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT, nil, 0, &rdbbuf[0], uint32(len(rdbbuf)), &bytesReturned, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return -1, err
 	}
 
 	rdb := (*reparseDataBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdbbuf[0]))
 	var s string
 	switch rdb.ReparseTag {
 	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK:
 		data := (*symbolicLinkReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
 		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
 		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
 	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
 		data := (*mountPointReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
 		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
 		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
 	default:
 		// the path is not a symlink or junction but another type of reparse
 		// point
 		return -1, syscall.ENOENT
 	}
 	n = copy(buf, []byte(s))
 
 	return n, nil
 }
 
 // GUIDFromString parses a string in the form of
 // "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}" into a GUID.
 func GUIDFromString(str string) (GUID, error) {
 	guid := GUID{}
 	str16, err := syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(str)
 	if err != nil {
 		return guid, err
 	}
 	err = clsidFromString(str16, &guid)
 	if err != nil {
 		return guid, err
 	}
 	return guid, nil
 }
 
 // GenerateGUID creates a new random GUID.
 func GenerateGUID() (GUID, error) {
 	guid := GUID{}
 	err := coCreateGuid(&guid)
 	if err != nil {
 		return guid, err
 	}
 	return guid, nil
 }
 
 // String returns the canonical string form of the GUID,
 // in the form of "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}".
 func (guid GUID) String() string {
 	var str [100]uint16
 	chars := stringFromGUID2(&guid, &str[0], int32(len(str)))
 	if chars <= 1 {
 		return ""
 	}
 	return string(utf16.Decode(str[:chars-1]))
 }
 
 // KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the current user, specified by one of
 // the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
 func KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
 	return Token(0).KnownFolderPath(folderID, flags)
 }
 
 // KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the user token, specified by one of
 // the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
 func (t Token) KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
 	var p *uint16
 	err := shGetKnownFolderPath(folderID, flags, t, &p)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 	defer CoTaskMemFree(unsafe.Pointer(p))
 	return UTF16PtrToString(p), nil
 }
 
 // RtlGetVersion returns the version of the underlying operating system, ignoring
 // manifest semantics but is affected by the application compatibility layer.
 func RtlGetVersion() *OsVersionInfoEx {
 	info := &OsVersionInfoEx{}
 	info.osVersionInfoSize = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*info))
 	// According to documentation, this function always succeeds.
 	// The function doesn't even check the validity of the
 	// osVersionInfoSize member. Disassembling ntdll.dll indicates
 	// that the documentation is indeed correct about that.
 	_ = rtlGetVersion(info)
 	return info
 }
 
 // RtlGetNtVersionNumbers returns the version of the underlying operating system,
 // ignoring manifest semantics and the application compatibility layer.
 func RtlGetNtVersionNumbers() (majorVersion, minorVersion, buildNumber uint32) {
 	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(&majorVersion, &minorVersion, &buildNumber)
 	buildNumber &= 0xffff
 	return
 }
 
 // GetProcessPreferredUILanguages retrieves the process preferred UI languages.
 func GetProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
 	return getUILanguages(flags, getProcessPreferredUILanguages)
 }
 
 // GetThreadPreferredUILanguages retrieves the thread preferred UI languages for the current thread.
 func GetThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
 	return getUILanguages(flags, getThreadPreferredUILanguages)
 }
 
 // GetUserPreferredUILanguages retrieves information about the user preferred UI languages.
 func GetUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
 	return getUILanguages(flags, getUserPreferredUILanguages)
 }
 
 // GetSystemPreferredUILanguages retrieves the system preferred UI languages.
 func GetSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
 	return getUILanguages(flags, getSystemPreferredUILanguages)
 }
 
 func getUILanguages(flags uint32, f func(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) error) ([]string, error) {
 	size := uint32(128)
 	for {
 		var numLanguages uint32
 		buf := make([]uint16, size)
 		err := f(flags, &numLanguages, &buf[0], &size)
 		if err == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER {
 			continue
 		}
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		buf = buf[:size]
 		if numLanguages == 0 || len(buf) == 0 { // GetProcessPreferredUILanguages may return numLanguages==0 with "\0\0"
 			return []string{}, nil
 		}
 		if buf[len(buf)-1] == 0 {
 			buf = buf[:len(buf)-1] // remove terminating null
 		}
 		languages := make([]string, 0, numLanguages)
 		from := 0
 		for i, c := range buf {
 			if c == 0 {
 				languages = append(languages, string(utf16.Decode(buf[from:i])))
 				from = i + 1
 			}
 		}
 		return languages, nil
 	}
 }
 
 func SetConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position Coord) error {
 	return setConsoleCursorPosition(console, *((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&position))))
 }
 
 func (s NTStatus) Errno() syscall.Errno {
 	return rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(s)
 }
 
 func langID(pri, sub uint16) uint32 { return uint32(sub)<<10 | uint32(pri) }
 
 func (s NTStatus) Error() string {
 	b := make([]uint16, 300)
 	n, err := FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM|FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_HMODULE|FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY, modntdll.Handle(), uint32(s), langID(LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), b, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Sprintf("NTSTATUS 0x%08x", uint32(s))
 	}
 	// trim terminating \r and \n
 	for ; n > 0 && (b[n-1] == '\n' || b[n-1] == '\r'); n-- {
 	}
 	return string(utf16.Decode(b[:n]))
 }
 
 // NewNTUnicodeString returns a new NTUnicodeString structure for use with native
 // NT APIs that work over the NTUnicodeString type. Note that most Windows APIs
 // do not use NTUnicodeString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
 // the more common *uint16 string type.
 func NewNTUnicodeString(s string) (*NTUnicodeString, error) {
 	var u NTUnicodeString
 	s16, err := UTF16PtrFromString(s)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	RtlInitUnicodeString(&u, s16)
 	return &u, nil
 }
 
 // Slice returns a uint16 slice that aliases the data in the NTUnicodeString.
 func (s *NTUnicodeString) Slice() []uint16 {
 	var slice []uint16
 	hdr := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&slice))
 	hdr.Data = unsafe.Pointer(s.Buffer)
 	hdr.Len = int(s.Length)
 	hdr.Cap = int(s.MaximumLength)
 	return slice
 }
 
 func (s *NTUnicodeString) String() string {
 	return UTF16ToString(s.Slice())
 }
 
 // NewNTString returns a new NTString structure for use with native
 // NT APIs that work over the NTString type. Note that most Windows APIs
 // do not use NTString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
 // the more common *uint16 string type.
 func NewNTString(s string) (*NTString, error) {
 	var nts NTString
 	s8, err := BytePtrFromString(s)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	RtlInitString(&nts, s8)
 	return &nts, nil
 }
 
 // Slice returns a byte slice that aliases the data in the NTString.
 func (s *NTString) Slice() []byte {
 	var slice []byte
 	hdr := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&slice))
 	hdr.Data = unsafe.Pointer(s.Buffer)
 	hdr.Len = int(s.Length)
 	hdr.Cap = int(s.MaximumLength)
 	return slice
 }
 
 func (s *NTString) String() string {
 	return ByteSliceToString(s.Slice())
 }
 
 // FindResource resolves a resource of the given name and resource type.
 func FindResource(module Handle, name, resType ResourceIDOrString) (Handle, error) {
 	var namePtr, resTypePtr uintptr
 	var name16, resType16 *uint16
 	var err error
 	resolvePtr := func(i interface{}, keep **uint16) (uintptr, error) {
 		switch v := i.(type) {
 		case string:
 			*keep, err = UTF16PtrFromString(v)
 			if err != nil {
 				return 0, err
 			}
 			return uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(*keep)), nil
 		case ResourceID:
 			return uintptr(v), nil
 		}
 		return 0, errorspkg.New("parameter must be a ResourceID or a string")
 	}
 	namePtr, err = resolvePtr(name, &name16)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	resTypePtr, err = resolvePtr(resType, &resType16)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	resInfo, err := findResource(module, namePtr, resTypePtr)
 	runtime.KeepAlive(name16)
 	runtime.KeepAlive(resType16)
 	return resInfo, err
 }
 
 func LoadResourceData(module, resInfo Handle) (data []byte, err error) {
 	size, err := SizeofResource(module, resInfo)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	resData, err := LoadResource(module, resInfo)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	ptr, err := LockResource(resData)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	h := (*unsafeheader.Slice)(unsafe.Pointer(&data))
 	h.Data = unsafe.Pointer(ptr)
 	h.Len = int(size)
 	h.Cap = int(size)
 	return
 }
 
 // PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK contains extended working set information for a page.
 type PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK uint64
 
 // Valid returns the validity of this page.
 // If this bit is 1, the subsequent members are valid; otherwise they should be ignored.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Valid() bool {
 	return (b & 1) == 1
 }
 
 // ShareCount is the number of processes that share this page. The maximum value of this member is 7.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) ShareCount() uint64 {
 	return b.intField(1, 3)
 }
 
 // Win32Protection is the memory protection attributes of the page. For a list of values, see
 // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/memory/memory-protection-constants
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Win32Protection() uint64 {
 	return b.intField(4, 11)
 }
 
 // Shared returns the shared status of this page.
 // If this bit is 1, the page can be shared.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Shared() bool {
 	return (b & (1 << 15)) == 1
 }
 
 // Node is the NUMA node. The maximum value of this member is 63.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Node() uint64 {
 	return b.intField(16, 6)
 }
 
 // Locked returns the locked status of this page.
 // If this bit is 1, the virtual page is locked in physical memory.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Locked() bool {
 	return (b & (1 << 22)) == 1
 }
 
 // LargePage returns the large page status of this page.
 // If this bit is 1, the page is a large page.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) LargePage() bool {
 	return (b & (1 << 23)) == 1
 }
 
 // Bad returns the bad status of this page.
 // If this bit is 1, the page is has been reported as bad.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Bad() bool {
 	return (b & (1 << 31)) == 1
 }
 
 // intField extracts an integer field in the PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK union.
 func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) intField(start, length int) uint64 {
 	var mask PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK
 	for pos := start; pos < start+length; pos++ {
 		mask |= (1 << pos)
 	}
 
 	masked := b & mask
 	return uint64(masked >> start)
 }
 
 // PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION contains extended working set information for a process.
 type PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION struct {
 	// The virtual address.
 	VirtualAddress Pointer
 	// A PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK union that indicates the attributes of the page at VirtualAddress.
 	VirtualAttributes PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK
 }