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write.go (10925B)


      1 // Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
      2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
      3 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
      4 
      5 package http2
      6 
      7 import (
      8 	"bytes"
      9 	"fmt"
     10 	"log"
     11 	"net/http"
     12 	"net/url"
     13 
     14 	"golang.org/x/net/http/httpguts"
     15 	"golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack"
     16 )
     17 
     18 // writeFramer is implemented by any type that is used to write frames.
     19 type writeFramer interface {
     20 	writeFrame(writeContext) error
     21 
     22 	// staysWithinBuffer reports whether this writer promises that
     23 	// it will only write less than or equal to size bytes, and it
     24 	// won't Flush the write context.
     25 	staysWithinBuffer(size int) bool
     26 }
     27 
     28 // writeContext is the interface needed by the various frame writer
     29 // types below. All the writeFrame methods below are scheduled via the
     30 // frame writing scheduler (see writeScheduler in writesched.go).
     31 //
     32 // This interface is implemented by *serverConn.
     33 //
     34 // TODO: decide whether to a) use this in the client code (which didn't
     35 // end up using this yet, because it has a simpler design, not
     36 // currently implementing priorities), or b) delete this and
     37 // make the server code a bit more concrete.
     38 type writeContext interface {
     39 	Framer() *Framer
     40 	Flush() error
     41 	CloseConn() error
     42 	// HeaderEncoder returns an HPACK encoder that writes to the
     43 	// returned buffer.
     44 	HeaderEncoder() (*hpack.Encoder, *bytes.Buffer)
     45 }
     46 
     47 // writeEndsStream reports whether w writes a frame that will transition
     48 // the stream to a half-closed local state. This returns false for RST_STREAM,
     49 // which closes the entire stream (not just the local half).
     50 func writeEndsStream(w writeFramer) bool {
     51 	switch v := w.(type) {
     52 	case *writeData:
     53 		return v.endStream
     54 	case *writeResHeaders:
     55 		return v.endStream
     56 	case nil:
     57 		// This can only happen if the caller reuses w after it's
     58 		// been intentionally nil'ed out to prevent use. Keep this
     59 		// here to catch future refactoring breaking it.
     60 		panic("writeEndsStream called on nil writeFramer")
     61 	}
     62 	return false
     63 }
     64 
     65 type flushFrameWriter struct{}
     66 
     67 func (flushFrameWriter) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
     68 	return ctx.Flush()
     69 }
     70 
     71 func (flushFrameWriter) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return false }
     72 
     73 type writeSettings []Setting
     74 
     75 func (s writeSettings) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool {
     76 	const settingSize = 6 // uint16 + uint32
     77 	return frameHeaderLen+settingSize*len(s) <= max
     78 
     79 }
     80 
     81 func (s writeSettings) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
     82 	return ctx.Framer().WriteSettings([]Setting(s)...)
     83 }
     84 
     85 type writeGoAway struct {
     86 	maxStreamID uint32
     87 	code        ErrCode
     88 }
     89 
     90 func (p *writeGoAway) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
     91 	err := ctx.Framer().WriteGoAway(p.maxStreamID, p.code, nil)
     92 	ctx.Flush() // ignore error: we're hanging up on them anyway
     93 	return err
     94 }
     95 
     96 func (*writeGoAway) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return false } // flushes
     97 
     98 type writeData struct {
     99 	streamID  uint32
    100 	p         []byte
    101 	endStream bool
    102 }
    103 
    104 func (w *writeData) String() string {
    105 	return fmt.Sprintf("writeData(stream=%d, p=%d, endStream=%v)", w.streamID, len(w.p), w.endStream)
    106 }
    107 
    108 func (w *writeData) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    109 	return ctx.Framer().WriteData(w.streamID, w.endStream, w.p)
    110 }
    111 
    112 func (w *writeData) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool {
    113 	return frameHeaderLen+len(w.p) <= max
    114 }
    115 
    116 // handlerPanicRST is the message sent from handler goroutines when
    117 // the handler panics.
    118 type handlerPanicRST struct {
    119 	StreamID uint32
    120 }
    121 
    122 func (hp handlerPanicRST) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    123 	return ctx.Framer().WriteRSTStream(hp.StreamID, ErrCodeInternal)
    124 }
    125 
    126 func (hp handlerPanicRST) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return frameHeaderLen+4 <= max }
    127 
    128 func (se StreamError) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    129 	return ctx.Framer().WriteRSTStream(se.StreamID, se.Code)
    130 }
    131 
    132 func (se StreamError) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return frameHeaderLen+4 <= max }
    133 
    134 type writePingAck struct{ pf *PingFrame }
    135 
    136 func (w writePingAck) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    137 	return ctx.Framer().WritePing(true, w.pf.Data)
    138 }
    139 
    140 func (w writePingAck) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return frameHeaderLen+len(w.pf.Data) <= max }
    141 
    142 type writeSettingsAck struct{}
    143 
    144 func (writeSettingsAck) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    145 	return ctx.Framer().WriteSettingsAck()
    146 }
    147 
    148 func (writeSettingsAck) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return frameHeaderLen <= max }
    149 
    150 // splitHeaderBlock splits headerBlock into fragments so that each fragment fits
    151 // in a single frame, then calls fn for each fragment. firstFrag/lastFrag are true
    152 // for the first/last fragment, respectively.
    153 func splitHeaderBlock(ctx writeContext, headerBlock []byte, fn func(ctx writeContext, frag []byte, firstFrag, lastFrag bool) error) error {
    154 	// For now we're lazy and just pick the minimum MAX_FRAME_SIZE
    155 	// that all peers must support (16KB). Later we could care
    156 	// more and send larger frames if the peer advertised it, but
    157 	// there's little point. Most headers are small anyway (so we
    158 	// generally won't have CONTINUATION frames), and extra frames
    159 	// only waste 9 bytes anyway.
    160 	const maxFrameSize = 16384
    161 
    162 	first := true
    163 	for len(headerBlock) > 0 {
    164 		frag := headerBlock
    165 		if len(frag) > maxFrameSize {
    166 			frag = frag[:maxFrameSize]
    167 		}
    168 		headerBlock = headerBlock[len(frag):]
    169 		if err := fn(ctx, frag, first, len(headerBlock) == 0); err != nil {
    170 			return err
    171 		}
    172 		first = false
    173 	}
    174 	return nil
    175 }
    176 
    177 // writeResHeaders is a request to write a HEADERS and 0+ CONTINUATION frames
    178 // for HTTP response headers or trailers from a server handler.
    179 type writeResHeaders struct {
    180 	streamID    uint32
    181 	httpResCode int         // 0 means no ":status" line
    182 	h           http.Header // may be nil
    183 	trailers    []string    // if non-nil, which keys of h to write. nil means all.
    184 	endStream   bool
    185 
    186 	date          string
    187 	contentType   string
    188 	contentLength string
    189 }
    190 
    191 func encKV(enc *hpack.Encoder, k, v string) {
    192 	if VerboseLogs {
    193 		log.Printf("http2: server encoding header %q = %q", k, v)
    194 	}
    195 	enc.WriteField(hpack.HeaderField{Name: k, Value: v})
    196 }
    197 
    198 func (w *writeResHeaders) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool {
    199 	// TODO: this is a common one. It'd be nice to return true
    200 	// here and get into the fast path if we could be clever and
    201 	// calculate the size fast enough, or at least a conservative
    202 	// upper bound that usually fires. (Maybe if w.h and
    203 	// w.trailers are nil, so we don't need to enumerate it.)
    204 	// Otherwise I'm afraid that just calculating the length to
    205 	// answer this question would be slower than the ~2µs benefit.
    206 	return false
    207 }
    208 
    209 func (w *writeResHeaders) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    210 	enc, buf := ctx.HeaderEncoder()
    211 	buf.Reset()
    212 
    213 	if w.httpResCode != 0 {
    214 		encKV(enc, ":status", httpCodeString(w.httpResCode))
    215 	}
    216 
    217 	encodeHeaders(enc, w.h, w.trailers)
    218 
    219 	if w.contentType != "" {
    220 		encKV(enc, "content-type", w.contentType)
    221 	}
    222 	if w.contentLength != "" {
    223 		encKV(enc, "content-length", w.contentLength)
    224 	}
    225 	if w.date != "" {
    226 		encKV(enc, "date", w.date)
    227 	}
    228 
    229 	headerBlock := buf.Bytes()
    230 	if len(headerBlock) == 0 && w.trailers == nil {
    231 		panic("unexpected empty hpack")
    232 	}
    233 
    234 	return splitHeaderBlock(ctx, headerBlock, w.writeHeaderBlock)
    235 }
    236 
    237 func (w *writeResHeaders) writeHeaderBlock(ctx writeContext, frag []byte, firstFrag, lastFrag bool) error {
    238 	if firstFrag {
    239 		return ctx.Framer().WriteHeaders(HeadersFrameParam{
    240 			StreamID:      w.streamID,
    241 			BlockFragment: frag,
    242 			EndStream:     w.endStream,
    243 			EndHeaders:    lastFrag,
    244 		})
    245 	} else {
    246 		return ctx.Framer().WriteContinuation(w.streamID, lastFrag, frag)
    247 	}
    248 }
    249 
    250 // writePushPromise is a request to write a PUSH_PROMISE and 0+ CONTINUATION frames.
    251 type writePushPromise struct {
    252 	streamID uint32   // pusher stream
    253 	method   string   // for :method
    254 	url      *url.URL // for :scheme, :authority, :path
    255 	h        http.Header
    256 
    257 	// Creates an ID for a pushed stream. This runs on serveG just before
    258 	// the frame is written. The returned ID is copied to promisedID.
    259 	allocatePromisedID func() (uint32, error)
    260 	promisedID         uint32
    261 }
    262 
    263 func (w *writePushPromise) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool {
    264 	// TODO: see writeResHeaders.staysWithinBuffer
    265 	return false
    266 }
    267 
    268 func (w *writePushPromise) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    269 	enc, buf := ctx.HeaderEncoder()
    270 	buf.Reset()
    271 
    272 	encKV(enc, ":method", w.method)
    273 	encKV(enc, ":scheme", w.url.Scheme)
    274 	encKV(enc, ":authority", w.url.Host)
    275 	encKV(enc, ":path", w.url.RequestURI())
    276 	encodeHeaders(enc, w.h, nil)
    277 
    278 	headerBlock := buf.Bytes()
    279 	if len(headerBlock) == 0 {
    280 		panic("unexpected empty hpack")
    281 	}
    282 
    283 	return splitHeaderBlock(ctx, headerBlock, w.writeHeaderBlock)
    284 }
    285 
    286 func (w *writePushPromise) writeHeaderBlock(ctx writeContext, frag []byte, firstFrag, lastFrag bool) error {
    287 	if firstFrag {
    288 		return ctx.Framer().WritePushPromise(PushPromiseParam{
    289 			StreamID:      w.streamID,
    290 			PromiseID:     w.promisedID,
    291 			BlockFragment: frag,
    292 			EndHeaders:    lastFrag,
    293 		})
    294 	} else {
    295 		return ctx.Framer().WriteContinuation(w.streamID, lastFrag, frag)
    296 	}
    297 }
    298 
    299 type write100ContinueHeadersFrame struct {
    300 	streamID uint32
    301 }
    302 
    303 func (w write100ContinueHeadersFrame) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    304 	enc, buf := ctx.HeaderEncoder()
    305 	buf.Reset()
    306 	encKV(enc, ":status", "100")
    307 	return ctx.Framer().WriteHeaders(HeadersFrameParam{
    308 		StreamID:      w.streamID,
    309 		BlockFragment: buf.Bytes(),
    310 		EndStream:     false,
    311 		EndHeaders:    true,
    312 	})
    313 }
    314 
    315 func (w write100ContinueHeadersFrame) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool {
    316 	// Sloppy but conservative:
    317 	return 9+2*(len(":status")+len("100")) <= max
    318 }
    319 
    320 type writeWindowUpdate struct {
    321 	streamID uint32 // or 0 for conn-level
    322 	n        uint32
    323 }
    324 
    325 func (wu writeWindowUpdate) staysWithinBuffer(max int) bool { return frameHeaderLen+4 <= max }
    326 
    327 func (wu writeWindowUpdate) writeFrame(ctx writeContext) error {
    328 	return ctx.Framer().WriteWindowUpdate(wu.streamID, wu.n)
    329 }
    330 
    331 // encodeHeaders encodes an http.Header. If keys is not nil, then (k, h[k])
    332 // is encoded only if k is in keys.
    333 func encodeHeaders(enc *hpack.Encoder, h http.Header, keys []string) {
    334 	if keys == nil {
    335 		sorter := sorterPool.Get().(*sorter)
    336 		// Using defer here, since the returned keys from the
    337 		// sorter.Keys method is only valid until the sorter
    338 		// is returned:
    339 		defer sorterPool.Put(sorter)
    340 		keys = sorter.Keys(h)
    341 	}
    342 	for _, k := range keys {
    343 		vv := h[k]
    344 		k, ascii := lowerHeader(k)
    345 		if !ascii {
    346 			// Skip writing invalid headers. Per RFC 7540, Section 8.1.2, header
    347 			// field names have to be ASCII characters (just as in HTTP/1.x).
    348 			continue
    349 		}
    350 		if !validWireHeaderFieldName(k) {
    351 			// Skip it as backup paranoia. Per
    352 			// golang.org/issue/14048, these should
    353 			// already be rejected at a higher level.
    354 			continue
    355 		}
    356 		isTE := k == "transfer-encoding"
    357 		for _, v := range vv {
    358 			if !httpguts.ValidHeaderFieldValue(v) {
    359 				// TODO: return an error? golang.org/issue/14048
    360 				// For now just omit it.
    361 				continue
    362 			}
    363 			// TODO: more of "8.1.2.2 Connection-Specific Header Fields"
    364 			if isTE && v != "trailers" {
    365 				continue
    366 			}
    367 			encKV(enc, k, v)
    368 		}
    369 	}
    370 }