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slices.go (7427B)


      1 // Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
      2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
      3 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
      4 
      5 // Package slices defines various functions useful with slices of any type.
      6 // Unless otherwise specified, these functions all apply to the elements
      7 // of a slice at index 0 <= i < len(s).
      8 //
      9 // Note that the less function in IsSortedFunc, SortFunc, SortStableFunc requires a
     10 // strict weak ordering (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_ordering#Strict_weak_orderings),
     11 // or the sorting may fail to sort correctly. A common case is when sorting slices of
     12 // floating-point numbers containing NaN values.
     13 package slices
     14 
     15 import "golang.org/x/exp/constraints"
     16 
     17 // Equal reports whether two slices are equal: the same length and all
     18 // elements equal. If the lengths are different, Equal returns false.
     19 // Otherwise, the elements are compared in increasing index order, and the
     20 // comparison stops at the first unequal pair.
     21 // Floating point NaNs are not considered equal.
     22 func Equal[E comparable](s1, s2 []E) bool {
     23 	if len(s1) != len(s2) {
     24 		return false
     25 	}
     26 	for i := range s1 {
     27 		if s1[i] != s2[i] {
     28 			return false
     29 		}
     30 	}
     31 	return true
     32 }
     33 
     34 // EqualFunc reports whether two slices are equal using a comparison
     35 // function on each pair of elements. If the lengths are different,
     36 // EqualFunc returns false. Otherwise, the elements are compared in
     37 // increasing index order, and the comparison stops at the first index
     38 // for which eq returns false.
     39 func EqualFunc[E1, E2 any](s1 []E1, s2 []E2, eq func(E1, E2) bool) bool {
     40 	if len(s1) != len(s2) {
     41 		return false
     42 	}
     43 	for i, v1 := range s1 {
     44 		v2 := s2[i]
     45 		if !eq(v1, v2) {
     46 			return false
     47 		}
     48 	}
     49 	return true
     50 }
     51 
     52 // Compare compares the elements of s1 and s2.
     53 // The elements are compared sequentially, starting at index 0,
     54 // until one element is not equal to the other.
     55 // The result of comparing the first non-matching elements is returned.
     56 // If both slices are equal until one of them ends, the shorter slice is
     57 // considered less than the longer one.
     58 // The result is 0 if s1 == s2, -1 if s1 < s2, and +1 if s1 > s2.
     59 // Comparisons involving floating point NaNs are ignored.
     60 func Compare[E constraints.Ordered](s1, s2 []E) int {
     61 	s2len := len(s2)
     62 	for i, v1 := range s1 {
     63 		if i >= s2len {
     64 			return +1
     65 		}
     66 		v2 := s2[i]
     67 		switch {
     68 		case v1 < v2:
     69 			return -1
     70 		case v1 > v2:
     71 			return +1
     72 		}
     73 	}
     74 	if len(s1) < s2len {
     75 		return -1
     76 	}
     77 	return 0
     78 }
     79 
     80 // CompareFunc is like Compare but uses a comparison function
     81 // on each pair of elements. The elements are compared in increasing
     82 // index order, and the comparisons stop after the first time cmp
     83 // returns non-zero.
     84 // The result is the first non-zero result of cmp; if cmp always
     85 // returns 0 the result is 0 if len(s1) == len(s2), -1 if len(s1) < len(s2),
     86 // and +1 if len(s1) > len(s2).
     87 func CompareFunc[E1, E2 any](s1 []E1, s2 []E2, cmp func(E1, E2) int) int {
     88 	s2len := len(s2)
     89 	for i, v1 := range s1 {
     90 		if i >= s2len {
     91 			return +1
     92 		}
     93 		v2 := s2[i]
     94 		if c := cmp(v1, v2); c != 0 {
     95 			return c
     96 		}
     97 	}
     98 	if len(s1) < s2len {
     99 		return -1
    100 	}
    101 	return 0
    102 }
    103 
    104 // Index returns the index of the first occurrence of v in s,
    105 // or -1 if not present.
    106 func Index[E comparable](s []E, v E) int {
    107 	for i := range s {
    108 		if v == s[i] {
    109 			return i
    110 		}
    111 	}
    112 	return -1
    113 }
    114 
    115 // IndexFunc returns the first index i satisfying f(s[i]),
    116 // or -1 if none do.
    117 func IndexFunc[E any](s []E, f func(E) bool) int {
    118 	for i := range s {
    119 		if f(s[i]) {
    120 			return i
    121 		}
    122 	}
    123 	return -1
    124 }
    125 
    126 // Contains reports whether v is present in s.
    127 func Contains[E comparable](s []E, v E) bool {
    128 	return Index(s, v) >= 0
    129 }
    130 
    131 // ContainsFunc reports whether at least one
    132 // element e of s satisfies f(e).
    133 func ContainsFunc[E any](s []E, f func(E) bool) bool {
    134 	return IndexFunc(s, f) >= 0
    135 }
    136 
    137 // Insert inserts the values v... into s at index i,
    138 // returning the modified slice.
    139 // In the returned slice r, r[i] == v[0].
    140 // Insert panics if i is out of range.
    141 // This function is O(len(s) + len(v)).
    142 func Insert[S ~[]E, E any](s S, i int, v ...E) S {
    143 	tot := len(s) + len(v)
    144 	if tot <= cap(s) {
    145 		s2 := s[:tot]
    146 		copy(s2[i+len(v):], s[i:])
    147 		copy(s2[i:], v)
    148 		return s2
    149 	}
    150 	s2 := make(S, tot)
    151 	copy(s2, s[:i])
    152 	copy(s2[i:], v)
    153 	copy(s2[i+len(v):], s[i:])
    154 	return s2
    155 }
    156 
    157 // Delete removes the elements s[i:j] from s, returning the modified slice.
    158 // Delete panics if s[i:j] is not a valid slice of s.
    159 // Delete modifies the contents of the slice s; it does not create a new slice.
    160 // Delete is O(len(s)-j), so if many items must be deleted, it is better to
    161 // make a single call deleting them all together than to delete one at a time.
    162 // Delete might not modify the elements s[len(s)-(j-i):len(s)]. If those
    163 // elements contain pointers you might consider zeroing those elements so that
    164 // objects they reference can be garbage collected.
    165 func Delete[S ~[]E, E any](s S, i, j int) S {
    166 	_ = s[i:j] // bounds check
    167 
    168 	return append(s[:i], s[j:]...)
    169 }
    170 
    171 // Replace replaces the elements s[i:j] by the given v, and returns the
    172 // modified slice. Replace panics if s[i:j] is not a valid slice of s.
    173 func Replace[S ~[]E, E any](s S, i, j int, v ...E) S {
    174 	_ = s[i:j] // verify that i:j is a valid subslice
    175 	tot := len(s[:i]) + len(v) + len(s[j:])
    176 	if tot <= cap(s) {
    177 		s2 := s[:tot]
    178 		copy(s2[i+len(v):], s[j:])
    179 		copy(s2[i:], v)
    180 		return s2
    181 	}
    182 	s2 := make(S, tot)
    183 	copy(s2, s[:i])
    184 	copy(s2[i:], v)
    185 	copy(s2[i+len(v):], s[j:])
    186 	return s2
    187 }
    188 
    189 // Clone returns a copy of the slice.
    190 // The elements are copied using assignment, so this is a shallow clone.
    191 func Clone[S ~[]E, E any](s S) S {
    192 	// Preserve nil in case it matters.
    193 	if s == nil {
    194 		return nil
    195 	}
    196 	return append(S([]E{}), s...)
    197 }
    198 
    199 // Compact replaces consecutive runs of equal elements with a single copy.
    200 // This is like the uniq command found on Unix.
    201 // Compact modifies the contents of the slice s; it does not create a new slice.
    202 // When Compact discards m elements in total, it might not modify the elements
    203 // s[len(s)-m:len(s)]. If those elements contain pointers you might consider
    204 // zeroing those elements so that objects they reference can be garbage collected.
    205 func Compact[S ~[]E, E comparable](s S) S {
    206 	if len(s) < 2 {
    207 		return s
    208 	}
    209 	i := 1
    210 	for k := 1; k < len(s); k++ {
    211 		if s[k] != s[k-1] {
    212 			if i != k {
    213 				s[i] = s[k]
    214 			}
    215 			i++
    216 		}
    217 	}
    218 	return s[:i]
    219 }
    220 
    221 // CompactFunc is like Compact but uses a comparison function.
    222 func CompactFunc[S ~[]E, E any](s S, eq func(E, E) bool) S {
    223 	if len(s) < 2 {
    224 		return s
    225 	}
    226 	i := 1
    227 	for k := 1; k < len(s); k++ {
    228 		if !eq(s[k], s[k-1]) {
    229 			if i != k {
    230 				s[i] = s[k]
    231 			}
    232 			i++
    233 		}
    234 	}
    235 	return s[:i]
    236 }
    237 
    238 // Grow increases the slice's capacity, if necessary, to guarantee space for
    239 // another n elements. After Grow(n), at least n elements can be appended
    240 // to the slice without another allocation. If n is negative or too large to
    241 // allocate the memory, Grow panics.
    242 func Grow[S ~[]E, E any](s S, n int) S {
    243 	if n < 0 {
    244 		panic("cannot be negative")
    245 	}
    246 	if n -= cap(s) - len(s); n > 0 {
    247 		// TODO(https://go.dev/issue/53888): Make using []E instead of S
    248 		// to workaround a compiler bug where the runtime.growslice optimization
    249 		// does not take effect. Revert when the compiler is fixed.
    250 		s = append([]E(s)[:cap(s)], make([]E, n)...)[:len(s)]
    251 	}
    252 	return s
    253 }
    254 
    255 // Clip removes unused capacity from the slice, returning s[:len(s):len(s)].
    256 func Clip[S ~[]E, E any](s S) S {
    257 	return s[:len(s):len(s)]
    258 }